All The Colors of the Rainbow

Today we are going to look at some really interesting information regarding the state of EARTH.  What is going on in our skies, and what the scientists want you to believe.

Is the Sky GOING GREEN?

What?  GREEN SKIES ARE COMMONPLACE?   Do you buy the idea that Green Skies are normal signs of impending storms or Tornados?  

Imagine looking out your window and seeing the sky glowing a strange, unsettling green. It’s a sight that can make your heart skip a beat, and for good reason.

This mysterious greenish hue is often spotted before some of the most dangerous storms, including tornadoes. The feeling it stirs is hard to ignore—some people describe it as surreal, even terrifying.

The sky’s color seems like a warning from nature itself, telling us that something big is about to happen. Children run inside, pets hide, and adults glance anxiously at the clouds.

It’s a moment that sticks in your memory, leaving you to wonder what’s really happening up there. Understanding this phenomenon can help calm fears, but it’s also a reminder of the wild power of the weather.

I am sorry, but I DO NOT BUY IT.  Is it possible that the sky COULD turn GREEN NATURALLY… I concede that it might happen under some very special circumstances.  However, I contend that this has not historically been a COMMON OCCURRANCE.  Which they are claiming.  I have lived in Tornado prone areas all my life.  I have seen the conditions under which they began, and watched them as they passed in both Michigan and Texas.  I have NEVER SEEN THE SKY GO GREEN before, during or after a Tornado or any Large STORM.  I have also lived in Florida, where I witnessed hurricanes.  You can’t much larger a storm than that.  NO GREEN SKY.

As we know, they have been putting chemical aerosols into our skies on the regular.  They started way back in the 1900s.  We don’t really know for sure exactly when they started experimenting with them.  I submit that these GREEN SKIES are the result of the particles floating in the air from earlier chemtrailing and/or from the chemicals they are using to create the current flood of SUPER STORMS.

Younger folks don’t really know what is NORMAL.  They see these things happening on the regular and they believe when SCIENCE tells them it is common and normal.   We, old folks, know the difference!  We REMEMBER.

Tornadoes: Nature’s Most Violent Storms©pixabay

Tornadoes are among the most intense and unpredictable forces on Earth. These spinning columns of air can destroy entire neighborhoods in a matter of minutes.

They form from powerful thunderstorms, especially supercells, which are massive storms with rotating updrafts called mesocyclones. Warm, moist air from the ground rises and meets cooler, drier air above, setting the stage for chaos.

When winds shift direction and speed with height, the storm begins to spin, and a tornado can quickly develop. The process is both fascinating and frightening, as these storms can appear with little warning.

Consider the fact that SCIENTISTS have been seriously studying Storms and most ESPECIALLY TORNADOS for a very long time, using all kind of technology, mapping them and catagorizing them.  They KNOW what is required for storms of every kind develop.  They have practiced creating them in labs.  They know what chemicals to use to induce the type of storm they desire. And they have the technology to deliver those very chemicals.  They know exactly where to place them, when and under what conditions.  ALWAYS REMEMBER the ultimate goal of SCIENCE is CONTROL.   They don’t spend all that time and money studying anything just so they can understand it.  CONTROL is their goal.  REMEMBER to become a TYPE 01 Civilization they MUST CONTROL everything about EARTH including the WEATHER.

For many people living in tornado-prone regions, understanding the signs of a tornado’s approach is not just interesting—it’s a matter of life and death.

Light and Water: The Science Behind the Green Sky©rawpixel

The green sky before a tornado is not magic, but science at work. When a thunderstorm fills the sky with huge amounts of rain and hail, the clouds become thick and packed with moisture.

Sunlight passing through these clouds scatters in unusual ways. Blue light, which usually makes the sky look peaceful, mixes with the red and yellow colors of sunset or late afternoon.

But when there’s lots of water or ice in the air, something special happens: the light bends and bounces so that more green wavelengths reach your eyes. This is why the sky can suddenly look like it belongs on another planet.

It’s a vivid sign that the storm overhead is loaded with energy and moisture—just the right ingredients for violent weather.

TALE AS OLD AS TIME

From the Beginning.  THE SNAKE was there in the Garden, with his own version of TRUTH.  Cast out of the Garden, humans grew more and more sinful.  In time, they forgot the Garden and GOD.  They followed their own lusts and the enemy of their soul told them lies.  The fallen Angels taught them secret … Click Here to Read More

Do You Believe in Magick? Part 16 – Science is MAGICK/WITCHCRAFT

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Originally Posted 1/30/16; Updated 8/2018 “(Magick’s) fundamental conception is identical with that of modern science; underlying the whole system is a faith…”  Aleister Crowley Magick From Thelemapedia Belief in various magical practices has waxed and waned in European and Western history, under pressure from either organized monotheistic religions or from skepticism about the reality of magic, … Click Here to Read More

Science – The MagicK that will DESTROY Mankind

I apologize for the length of this post.   The subject matter is vital to our immediate situation.  I hope you can find the time to look over the entire post and digest it.   These next four posts that I have been working on are all interrelated and all significantly related to what is happening in … Click Here to Read More

SCIENCE – The Deception is designed to destroy our faith in the WORD of God

The WORD of GOD is a precious gift, a love letter from our Creator.  EVERYTHING that we need to know is in there.  Why?  Because God wanted us to take comfort in KNOWING.  Knowing that He is in Control, in KNOWING that he sees all and Knows all, in Knowing that he has our back, … Click Here to Read More

Magic Sword of the Elite

More and more information, more and more revelation, more and more understanding is being poured out on God’s people everyday.  Things are happening very fast and we need this information.  We are walking in the GREAT DECEPTION.  Only those who harken to the voice of God will avoid falling under the spell of the Fallen.   … Click Here to Read More

GOLF – TRUMP – MAGIC

Photo Credit UPDATES ADDED 4/7/23 EUdict dictionary: Latin – English translate Italian detected – Concedere  to  English  – grant What does numquam mean in Latin? – mix2.wordhippo.com What does numquam mean in Latin? English Translation. never. More meanings for numquam. never adverb. nunquam, nusquam, nequando. concedere‎ (Latin, Italian): meaning, definition – WordSense concedere ( Italian) Origin & history From Latin concēdere, present … Click Here to Read More

BARD MAGIC – ILL-LUMA-NATION

The Bards of the Druids/MAGI  were the original masters of the MAGICK of theater.  They would weave the tales of the heroes of old and of their day.  They did not ever write anything down.  They were the keepers of what they called truth and history.  The people were only told what the Druids wanted … Click Here to Read More

Waves, Rays and Energy Beams what are they really Up To?

If all the craziness around you is starting to sound too much like Star Trek it is not by mistake.  The ruling elite have been working their plan for hundreds, no thousands of years.  In their mind, it does not matter if it is fulfilled in their lifetime, they are focused on the end result.  … Click Here to Read More

Atomic Age – New Discovery or Ancient Craft?

Who are we? How did we get here?  Why we are here? Is there a GOD?  If so, who is God?  These are still the burning questions that have driven our lives all this time.  Whether the earth is thousands or millions of years old… you would think that  we would have resolved them by … Click Here to Read More

ROCK CAIRNS – Part 2 – NATURE, SCIENCE, THE OCCULT AND CRYSTALS

RESTORED: 3/11/22 Woodstock cairns may contain links to the ancients “These structures relate to the three worlds of the Native Americans,” he explained. “The solar system and the constellations and planets are the gods above. The stones are part of the world we walk in. And the ancestors are associated with the underworld — their … Click Here to Read More

Gifts from the Fallen – Part 2 – Sacred Arts, Sciences and Crafts

There truly is NOTHING NEW UNDER THE SUN. All the knowledge that we think we have acquired out of our own labour, has all been revealed in the past.  Everything is spiritually based and religious in its core.  All those who rant and rave against faith in GOD, are ALL worshiping other gods, even those … Click Here to Read More

When Water Turns the Sky Green©unsplash

The sheer amount of water in storm clouds is the main reason for that intense green color. Before a tornado hits, thunderstorms often build up massive towers of clouds, filled with rain and hailstones.
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Come on… seriously?  If that were the case than GREEN SKIES would have been so common no one would be frightened or surprised to see them.  Storm clouds have ALWAYS been overloaded with WATER!  That is the nature of storm clouds.   Tell us another one.  lol

These dense clouds act like a filter, changing the color of the sunlight that shines through. If the sun is low in the sky—like in the late afternoon or evening—the light has to travel through even more atmosphere, making the color even more dramatic.

Another line of BS.  Many of the photos I have seen of this new phenomenon of GREEN SKIES were taken in the daytime with the Sun high in the sky.

People sometimes compare the effect to looking through the green glass of a soda bottle. It’s a visual clue that the clouds above are heavy with rain or hail, and when combined with other storm signs, it’s a clear message to be on alert.

Eyewitness Accounts: A History of Green Skies©unsplash

Stories about green skies before tornadoes go back generations. Grandparents recount tales of afternoons when the world outside turned green and silent, just before a twister touched down.

Ya well show me documentation of the “generations of tales”.  It is very easy to claim, but it is just your words, unless you can show proof.  CAUSE I AM OVER 72 years old and I have never read a news report, heard a tale, or seen with my own eyes GREEN SKIES!!

Meteorologists have studied these accounts for decades, finding that the green sky is a common theme in reports of severe storms. Even today, storm chasers and weather spotters look for this color change as a hint that a storm is especially dangerous.

OK, now we are getting somewhere.  I can believe that there have been a few incidents of someone reporting seeing a green sky, and I have no doubt that SCIENTISTS jumped right on those stories.  Collecting Data, Mapping and Developing ways to duplicate Green Skies and then to use them for their own purposes.  AND, YES, now that we have seen these GREEN SKIES associated with SUPER STORMS and SUPER TORNADOS no doubt the Storm Chasers who knowingly or unknowingly are just data collectors for the elite, go looking for those green skies first and foremost.  Afterall, they are adrenaline junkies.  Why mess with anything less the greatest thrill.?

Not every green sky leads to a tornado, but many tornadoes are preceded by this odd glow. The link between the eerie sky and severe weather has become a piece of folk wisdom in tornado country.

Not Just Color: Other Tornado Warning Signs©unsplash

While a green sky is one of the most dramatic signals, it’s not the only clue that a tornado may be on its way. People often notice a sudden, sharp drop in temperature as the storm approaches.

The air may become strangely still, and birds and animals may act nervous or disappear. Another famous warning is a loud, continuous roar—many say it sounds like a freight train rumbling through the sky.

Now that one is legit!  I have always heard that if you hear a sound like a freight train is a sign of an oncoming Tornado.   You should immediately take cover!

Large hailstones falling from the clouds can also mean a tornado is possible, as hail usually forms in the same powerful updrafts that spin up tornadoes. Recognizing these signs can give you precious minutes to find shelter.

I have no doubt that they know exactly how to create those updrafts as well as how to guarantee enough ICE CRYSTALS to form LARGE HAILSTONES.

The Meteorologist’s Toolbox: Predicting Tornadoes©unsplash

Today’s weather experts have powerful tools to spot tornadoes before they strike. Doppler radar is especially useful—it can see inside storms and spot the telltale spinning motion that often leads to tornadoes.

Meteorologists watch for certain shapes and colors on their radar screens, which can warn them that a tornado is forming or already on the ground. Weather balloons, satellites, and computer models all help experts track storms and issue warnings.

Thanks to these technologies, people now have more time to prepare and take cover, even if the sky hasn’t yet turned green.

4,673 Subscribers
246 Views – 1 year ago
Sensitivity – Normal (BBFC 12)
First published at 23:45 UTC on May 27th, 2024. The Alex Jones Show Infowars

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Staying Safe: What To Do When Tornadoes Threaten©pixabay

When you hear a tornado warning or see the sky turning green, it’s time to act fast. The safest place to be is in a sturdy building, away from windows and outside walls.

Basements or small, interior rooms on the lowest floor are best. If you’re outdoors or in a car, try to get to shelter if possible.

If you can’t, lie flat in a low spot and cover your head. Having a plan, knowing where to go, and practicing with your family can make a huge difference.

Keeping a weather radio or app handy can also help you stay up-to-date on the latest warnings.

Whether these storms are natural or made by AI or human hands…the effects are the same.  Your experiences and your losses will be just as devastating.

I recommend you get an emergency radio that can be run off batteries, or solar, or winding.  Because when the power goes out, you will not be able to use your phone, computer or television.  Keep the Solar panels charged by keeping your emergency radio near a window with direct sun.



Green Skies: A Warning Worth Heeding©unsplash

The green sky before a tornado isn’t just a cool science factit’s a real warning sign that something dangerous might be on the way. It’s a signal from nature that the storm overhead is loaded with rain, hail, and energy.

By learning to spot this and other clues, you can be better prepared for severe weather. The next time you see the sky turn an eerie green, you’ll know what it means—and what you need to do to keep yourself and your loved ones safe.
Man they really are working to load that programming into your head, that these GREEN SKIES are common and normal signs from nature.  BS!

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We’re Being Microwaved To Death! 5G Scalar Towers & Doppler Radar! Michael Gibson 🎯SEE DESC🎯
1,848 Subscribers
226 Views – 2 months ago
Sensitivity – Normal (BBFC 12)
Wake Up: The Truth About What’s Making You Sick, Some Of It Anyway! Everyone’s feeling exhausted, foggy, and sick these days. But what if I told you it’s not just life stress? We’re being bombarded with frequencies, nanoparticles, and chemtrails—and it’s global. Look up the symptoms of radiation poisoning, and you’ll find the answer. It’s not your imagination. It’s time to wake up and take action. 🎯NOTE🎯 Tony:⛔⛔Viruses DO NOT Exist As Described, And There Is No Such Thing As Herd Immunity! Virus – Contagion IS Just A Theory Taught As Fact, NOT REAL, There Is NOTHING Jumping From Human To Human! We Are MOSTLY Breathing (Explained Below) Also Swallowing Injecting & Getting It On Our Skin, Bacteria Is Something Else, Along With Parasites, Insects, Self Replicating Nanotech, Toxins, Chemicals In The Water Food Meds All Products & ESPECIALLY SPRAYED In The AIR – ChemTrails, 🔷WITH Frequencies ELF, VLF From GWEN Towers, So-Called Cell Phone Towers, AirPlane Transmitters, Radio Antenas, Routers, Wifi, Cell Phones, Doppler NEXRAD Radar Microwaving Us Etc Etc Etc! 🔷Used In Tandem (All Together) All The Toxins, Chemicals, Bactiria, Etc, 5G – 6Gen And Beyond & NEXRAD Will CAUSE ALL Of The Respiratory Illnesses And All other Illnesses🔗The Dis-Ease!!! And “THEY” Will Claim PLandemic AGAIN & AGAIN Untill You Break And Submit, Unless You DONT! If You Comprehend The Causes Use other Methods To Detox! Do Your Own Research On Virus Conagion Myth V’s Bacterial Or Chemical, Heavy Metal, & Toxins Along With Frequencies, IEEE 802.15.4&6, WBAN(Wireless Body Area Network), Bluetooth, Visible Light Communication, Biosensors, Optogenetics, Psinergy, IOT(Internet Of Things) Surveillance, GWEN & Cell Tower Scalar & Router & Cell Phone Tech, Doppler Microwave Energy, Etc, Etc, ASLO Cancer Is Manmade and has been curable!🔷ALSO We know Climate Change Is A Hoax To get You To Comply! “THEY” Are Modifying The Weather Flooding Locations And Burning Everything With DEW’s And Poisoning Us And Everything Else! “THEY ARE” Technology Is Waaaay More Advanced Than You Have Been Led To Believe! They Are Editing Our Genes Through Most Of The Above Said Stratagies!🔷ALSO – Earth Is NOT A Spinning Ball, Satalites Are NOT In Fake Space, Its High Altitude Ballons Or Something Else, All Water(Oceans, Lakes, Rivers, Etc, ARE Completely LEVEL(Flat), We Can SEE Way To Far In The Right Conditions, The Atmos Is Contained By Something Hence 14.7psi Pressure, Etc, Etc, Etc, Etc, That One IS A Really Long Long Long Long Study Before You Acually Comprehend & Accept It! 🔷Its ALL There If You Dare To “LOOK INTO IT”👀⛔⛔ 🔻Source: Michael S. Gibson🔻 https://x.com/mgibsonofficial https://www.instagram.com/mgibsonofficial 🔷 X ACCOUNT SUSPENDED🔷 Violated X Rules, https://www.instagram.com/mgibsonofficial/ 👉Go To The Wbsite: https://www.michaelsgibson.com/ 🔻🔻AetherMedia22 Tony Punch🔻🔻 Please Help Support This Channel If Able. If You Enjoy & Are Learning From These Videos Please Donate, Any Amount Is Greatly Appreciated! Thank You Very Much! 🙏🙏 💲https://paypal.me/TonyPunch22 💲https://venmo.com/TonyPunch22 💲https://cash.app/$TonyPunch22 Education, Knowledge, Wisdom, Experience, Intelligence, Intuition, In Search Of Truth & Reality! Keep Going, Keep Movin, Keep On Keepin On, Much Love!!! ❤ https://www.rumble.com/c/AetherMedia22TonyPunch https://www.youtube.com/@AetherMedia22TonyPunch 🎯Deleted & Banned😁 https://www.bitchute.com/channel/aethermedia22/ https://www.tiktok.com/@punchtony https://www.tiktok.com/@aethermedia22 🎯Deleted & Banned😁 https://twitter.com/TonyPunch504 https://t.me/AetherMedia22 NOTE: Discernment & Research IS Required To See The Truth In All Of It!

A rare green sky phenomenon covered Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Check it out!!

Times Now World
13.3K views
Jul 8, 2022

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Does the sky always turn green before a tornado?
Why would people be asking questions like this if this was normal?
CBC News
42.6K views
May 2, 2022

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EL Nino

El is a Northwest Semitic word meaning ‘god’ or ‘deity’, or referring to any one of multiple major ancient Near Eastern deities1. It is derived from the Proto-Semitic ʔil-1.   source

 In Hebrew, ‘el means God or mighty one2.   source

ninny(n.)
“simpleton, fool,” 1590s, perhaps a misdivision of an innocent (see N for other examples), or from the pet form of the
proper name Innocent, with sense influenced by the name’s literal meaning. There may be some influence in the word
of Italian ninno “baby, child” (cognate with Spanish niño). Related: Niniversity “school for idiots” (1580s).
“El Niño” means “the little boy” in Spanish. This term was historically used by fishermen in Peru and Ecuador to refer to the unusually warm waters in the Pacific Ocean that affected their catch, particularly around Christmas time.    source  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration+2
Mar292011

Mid-latitude storms known as nortes (northers) disturb the normal weather patterns up to 20 times a year during winter, from November to March. They occur when northern polar air moves south into northern and central Mexico.

They bring low pressure (cyclonic) conditions, heralded by the arrival of a cold front. The polar air displaces the warmer surface air, forcing it to rise as the cool air pushes its way underneath. At the surface, a sudden drop in temperature and the advent of cold winds marks the passage of the front, followed by several days of overcast skies with light rains or drizzle, onomatopoeically called chipichipis in some areas.

Rains from nortes are heavier on the northern or eastern sides of mountains where the cool air is forced to rise. As the front passes, the temperature can drop by 5–8 degrees C
(9–14 degrees F) in a few hours.

From an agricultural perspective these rains are a welcome sight for farmers, helping to improve grazing land and reduce the chances of wind-blown soil erosion. However, the winds can play havoc with shipping in the Gulf of Mexico and result in ports being temporarily closed. Veracruz and Tampico are regularly affected.

ENSO – El Nino/Southern Oscillation

It’s been 50 years since Bill Quinn of Oregon State University and Klaus Wyrtki of the University of
Hawaii made the first attempt to forecast the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). While their
initial prediction was incorrect, it marked the beginning of a journey toward understanding and
predicting
 one of the most influential climate phenomena on Earth. So, what is El Niño and why is
it so important to anticipate the timing of the cycle?  Source

La Nina

Nina
fem. proper name; in a Russian context it is a shortening of Annina, diminutive of Greek Anna. In a
Spanish context, Niña “child, infant,” a nursery word.

Anna

The daughter of Belus, sister of Dido. Upon Dido’s demise she fled from Africa and arrived at Latium, where Aeneas gave her a hospitable welcome. Dido’s shade warned her against the jealous Lavinia, Aeneas’ wife. Anna threw herself into the river Numicius and drowned.

According to some she was later venerated as Anna Perenna, yet others argue that the name is not at all connected to Dido’s sister.

Derecho comes from the Spanish adjective for “straight” or “direct”. The term derecho was coined from the Spanish in analogy with the term tornado, and expressing the main feature of a straight blow, to avoid further confusion of these two different storms. The word was first used in the American Meteorological Journal in 1888 by Gustavus Detlef Hinrichs in a paper describing the phenomenon (STRAIGHT WIND) and based on a significant derecho event that crossed Iowa on 31 July 1877.    source  Wikipedia+1
1888 in reference to winds generated convectively from a downburst cluster, from American Spanish derecho “direct, straight ahead” (also “right, justice”), from Old Spanish diestro, from Latin directus “straight,” past participle of dirigere “set straight,” from dis- “apart” (see dis-) + regere “to direct, to guide, keep straight” (from PIE root *reg- “move in a straight line”).

When, years ago, I first called public attention to this kind of straight blows peculiar to Iowa prairies in summer, I
named them provisorily Iowa squalls. The term derecho, coined from the Spanish in analogy with the term tornado, and expressing the main feature of a straight blow, has been chosen to bring out the contrast with the tornado or whirl-wind to avoid further confusion of these two different storms. [Gustavus Hinrichs, “Tornadoes in Iowa,” in Report of the Iowa Weather Service for the Year 1888]

Entries linking to derecho

dis-
word-forming element of Latin origin meaning 1. “lack of, not” (as in dishonest); 2. “opposite of, do the opposite of” (as in disallow); 3. “apart, away” (as in discard), from Old French des- or directly from Latin dis “apart, asunder, in a different direction, between,” figuratively “not, un-,” also “exceedingly, utterly.” Assimilated as dif- before -f- and to di- before most voiced consonants.The Latin prefix is from PIE *dis- “apart, asunder” (source also of Old English te-, Old Saxon ti-, Old High German ze-, German zer-). The PIE root is a secondary form of  *dwis- and thus is related to Latin bis “twice” (originally *dvis) and to duo, on notion of “two ways, in twain” (hence “apart, asunder”).In classical Latin, dis- paralleled de- and had much the same meaning, but in Late Latin dis- came to be the favored
form and this passed into Old French as des-, the form
used for compound words formed in Old French, where it increasingly had a privative sense (“not”). In English, many of these words eventually were altered back to dis-, while in French many have been altered back to de-. The usual confusion prevails.As a living prefix in English, it reverses or negatives what it is affixed to. Sometimes, as in Italian, it is reduced to s- (as in spendsplaysportsdain for disdain, and the surnames Spencer and Spence).
*reg-
Proto-Indo-European root meaning “move in a straight line,” with derivatives meaning “to direct in a straight line,” thus “to lead, rule.”It might form all or part of: abrogateaddressadroitAlaricalertanorecticanorexiaarrogantarrogatebishopric;
correctcorveederechoderogatederogatoryDietrichdirectdresseldritcherectergoEricFrederickHenry;
incorrigibleinterregnuminterrogatemaharajahMarathaprerogativeproroguerack (n.1) “frame with bars;”
rail (n.1) “horizontal bar passing from one post or support to another;” Rajrajahrake (n.1) “toothed tool for drawing
or scraping things together;” rake (n.2) “debauchee; idle, dissolute person;” rakishrank (adj.) “corrupt, loathsome,
foul;” real (n.) “small Spanish silver coin;” realmreckrecklessreckonrectanglerectifyrectilinearrectituderecto;
recto-rectorrectumregalregent; regicideregimeregimenregimentregionregularregulateRegulusReichreignresurgentrexrichrightRisorgimento;   rogationroyalrulesordsourcesubrogatesubrogationsurgesurrogateviceroy.
It might also be the source of:Sanskrit raj- “a king, a leader,” rjyati “he stretches himself,” riag “torture” (by racking); Avestan razeyeiti “directs,”  raštva- “directed, arranged, straight;” Persian rahst “right, correct;” Latin regere “to rule, direct, lead, govern,” rex (genitive regis) “king,” rectus “right, correct;” Greek oregein “to reach, extend;” Old Irish ri, Gaelic righ ” a king,” Gaulish -rix “a king” (in personal names, such as Vircingetorix), Old Irish rigim “to stretch out;” Gothic reiks “a leader,” raihts “straight, right;” Lithuanian raižytis “to stretch oneself;” Old English rice  “kingdom,”  -ric “king,” rice “rich, powerful,” riht “correct;” Gothic raihts, Old High German recht, Old Swedish reht, Old Norse rettr “correct.”
 I tried to find out why we started using Mexican terms for weather events in the USA.   If you know
send me an email.  

People in South Dakota that experienced the phenomenon of these Green Skies were puzzeled at best and terrified at the worst.  They were not used to seeing the sky this color.

Watch: Skies Turned Green During Tuesday’s Derecho In South Dakota

FOX Weather
76.5K views
Jul 6, 2022

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Though the short video does not really give you a good image of the hail, thus you cannot tell if it was green, the title clearly states that the HAIL was GREEN.  From the same chemical particles encountered as it fell from the sky, the chemical particles that turned the sky green.  The chemical particles they were likely employing to bring about the devastating storm and winds that swept though South Dakota that day!
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Noah Williams Storm Chasing
1.3K views

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I am sure they are going to tell you that grapefruit size green hail is commonplace and normal as well.   IT IS NOT!!  Neither green hail nor hail the size of grapefruit (4 inches in diameter) are normal or commonplace.  Huge hail has happened at particular times in history, but they are NOT COMMONPLACE.
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NWS confirms another South Dakota derecho as storms include 4-inch hail near Timber Lake

Hail roughly 4 inches in diameter was reported just north of Timber Lake in Dewey County, Tarver said. That’s about the size of a grapefruit. Though Tarver said he has seen hail that size before, it’s not common.


The earth’s sky exhibits many fascinating changes, from clear starry nights to beautiful cirrus clouds. It can also change colors! This might lead you to wonder, why is the sky green?

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The distinct colors of airglow are the result of atoms and molecules releasing particular amounts of energy (quanta) in the form of light. For example, at high altitudes ultraviolet light can split oxygen molecules (O₂) into pairs of oxygen atoms, and when these atoms later recombine into oxygen molecules they produce a distinct green light.   Source

I drove a truck back and forth across the country in all kinds of weather, day and night, I have NEVER seen the sky look like that.  As I stated earlier I have witnessed many Tornados, High Winds, and Hurricanes.  NO SUCH COLOR in the SKY!

The green airglow is a phenomenon that pervades the night sky from equator to pole1. It is similar in color to the aurora and usually appears 10-15 degrees above the horizon of the observer2.   Source

The only time I have ever seen this kind of green glow in the skies in in photographs of the northern lights.  

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Why Is The Sky Green? (5 Reasons Why)

Why Is The Sky Green?


1. Twilight Glow

At certain times throughout the day, the earth’s atmosphere exhibits a glow due to the interaction of sunlight with air molecules. This might make the sky appear green, specifically at twilight.

To be exact, this green color happens when oxygen molecules absorb light rays. Then, the light is scattered, making for a faint green color.

However, the twilight glow can be pretty hard to catch. That’s because this glow is extremely dim. Additionally, if you live in the city, all the light pollution will further subdue the airglow.

So, if you’re on a plane, in a rural area, or camping far away, you might notice the green sky and mistake it for a rare phenomenon. Yet, this twilight glow happens every single day around the globe.

2. Northern Lights

Unlike airglow, northern lights are one of the most fascinating natural phenomena that occur in certain areas only.

In fact, many people travel to the Northern Hemisphere just to see the beautiful sky marbled in green and blue. So, you might’ve been lucky enough to witness this breathtaking phenomenon!

Northern lights, also known as Aurora, happen due to the interaction of the solar wind with air molecules. Usually, this solar wind is blocked and can’t reach the earth.

However, the solar wind can get trapped around the earth’s geomagnetic poles, making for the lovely, green, shimmering, curtains that are Northern lights.

3. Sun’s Green Flash

Even though it happens at an incredibly narrow timeframe, the sun’s green flash is a captivating visual that happens around sunrise or sunset.

This green flash can be seen when the sun is completely below the horizon. Meaning that it happens just before sunrise and after sunset. During these seconds, the upper edge of the sun appears to be green.

Since this phenomenon occurs for just a split second, it can be hard to catch. Additionally, to see it clearly, you need to be in front of the sea or in an open field, with completely clear skies.

The reason behind this green flame is simply light refraction. At lower levels of the horizon, the sun rays have to travel through a thicker atmosphere.

This results in the orange and yellow light being absorbed, and the violet light is scattered in the air, leaving just a green disk known as the green flash.

4. An Approaching Storm

Your fear of thunderstorms might be doubled due to seeing an apocalyptic-looking green sky. Yet, this is a completely normal occurrence and shouldn’t be a cause for any panic.

It goes without saying that the sky’s color is due to sunlight. Naturally, during storms sunlight can get scattered, absorbed, and refracted.

To further explain, clouds can have a huge amount of moisture during a storm. So, this moisture will absorb the orange and yellow sunlight, and the rainwater will scatter the red and violet rays. This leaves only the green hues coloring the stormy sky!

In fact, this phenomenon happened recently in South Dakota. On July 5th, 2022, the sky of South Dakota turned completely green. Following this incident, there was a powerful windstorm that extended for over 240 miles.

So, the next time you see a green sky accompanied by rain and wind, make sure to stay inside as a storm might be approaching.

5. Pollution

Pollution affects everything around us. It’s harmful to our health and everything in our environment. In some countries, the pollution level is too high to the point that it blocks a big part of sunlight and decreases overall visibility.

Additionally, air pollution has caused a lot of damage to the ozone layer that surrounds our planet and protects us from harmful radiation. So, in some rare cases of high pollution, you might notice a green tint in the sky.

You may also notice other signs of air pollution, like acid rain. The main causes of air pollution include vehicle emissions and industrial emissions.

What’s more, smog and smoke can discolor the air. Not only that, but the chemical in the smog also clings to plants, buildings, and even humans. It can cause a lot of damage and health issues.

In Conclusion

So, why is the sky green?

There are many reasons that can cause the sky to be green. For starters, the twilight glow can be green, and it happens due to an interaction of sunlight with air molecules.

Also, if you were in the Northern Hemisphere, you might’ve been lucky enough to witness the stunning northern lights. The sun’s green flash is another phenomenon that looks green, but it’s even harder to catch.

Sometimes, a green sky is an alarming sign of an approaching storm or extreme air pollution.

So, unless you’re wearing yellow-tinted glasses, you might’ve witnessed a rare phenomenon.

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As the brilliant blooms burst above you this Fourth of July, you might wonder how they get those brilliant colors. The answer is from minerals! Each color is the result of specific chemicals that are derived from minerals. Come find out what these minerals are, and get ready to be surprised at the other ways we use these minerals when they’re not competing with the stars to illuminate our night skies.

The Color: Green

The Chemical: Barium Chloride

Mineralogy 101: Barium chloride is what’s known as a metal salt. The barium, though, comes from minerals, mostly commonly from barite.

Its Other Uses:

Most people’s personal experience with barium likely is tied to the doctor’s office. Because barium is not absorbed by the body but is very good at blocking radiation, people suffering from a variety of digestive issues are often given a barium ‘milkshake’ prior to having x-rays or scans of the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine. Once these organs are coated with barium, they stand out more clearly on the scan, allowing easier detection of irregularities. Barium’s ability to absorb radiation is also why barite is commonly used in the concrete of radiation shielding in hospitals, laboratories, and nuclear facilities.

Medical applications, however, represent a very small percentage of barite used in the United States.  Over 95 percent of the barite sold in the United States is used in the oil and gas industry. The name barite is derived from the Greek word for heavy. Because of this property, barite is used as a weighting agent in liquids used for drilling oil and gas wells. The weight of the drilling mud suppresses high pressure from the oil and gas and helps prevent blowouts.

Where Does It Come From/Where Does It Go: In 2014, the United States relied on other countries for 79 percent of its barite supplies, with China having the largest reserves. Most U.S. production comes from four mines in Nevada.

The Color: Blue

The Chemical: Copper chloride

Mineralogy 101: Like barium chloride, copper chloride is a metal salt. There are several natural, but relatively rare, mineral forms of it—eriochalcite, nantokite, and tolbachite.

Its Other Uses: Copper was one of the first metals used by humans and has played an important role in the development of civilization. The vast majority of copper today is used for electrical purposes, such as generating power and transmitting it.

Where Does It Come From/Where Does It Go:  The largest reserves of copper in the world are found in Chile, which is also the single largest producer of copper. In the United States, Arizona and Utah accounted for the majority of domestic copper production. In 2014, the United States produced about 70 percent of its copper supplies. China accounted for 40 percent of global copper consumption, and the United States accounted for about 8 percent.

The Color: Yellow

The Chemical: Sodium Nitrate

Mineralogy 101: Another salt, sodium nitrate’s mineral form is known as nitratine.

Its Other Uses: Although salts are a general class of chemicals,sodium is probably the most commonly associated metal with salts. Sodium forms many different salts, each of which has various uses.

The most common and abundant sodium salt is sodium chloride. Although well known as table salt, sodium chlorides major uses include highway deicing, chemical feedstock, and food processing.

Sodium nitrate is a type of saltpeter, which is most famously used in the production of gunpowder.

Sodium sulfate is another commonly used sodium salt, which has many uses. Sodium sulfate is used in the glass-making industry to remove air bubbles; in textiles to allow for even absorbtion of dyes; and as filler in detergents and wood pulp paper.

A fairly new use for salts such sodium sulfate and sodium nitrate is as thermal energy storage, since they can absorb quite a bit of heat and then slowly release it.

Where Does It Come From/Where Does It Go: The United States ranked second in global salt production behind China. Global reserves of salt are large. Economic and subeconomic deposits of salt are substantial in principal salt-producing countries. The oceans contain a virtually inexhaustible supply of salt.

The Color: Red

The Chemical:  Strontium nitrate

Mineralogy 101Strontium is element number 38 on the periodic table, and commonly occurs in nature, but seldom in quantities sufficient for economical recovery. The strontium nitrate used in fireworks is actually a strontium salt, and the source of the strontium is usually the mineral celestite.

Its Other Uses:  In the U.S. about 30 percent of strontium compounds have been used for pyrotechnics and signals; it is also used in ceramic ferrite magnets (like refrigerator magnets and for small motors), master alloys to make aluminum castable, in the electrolytic production of zinc, and as an additive in glass.   Since 2006 it is thought that virtually all the strontium minerals consumed in the United States were used in drilling fluids for oil and gas wells, not to make other strontium compounds.

Strontium compounds are used as an active ingredient in toothpastes for temperature-sensitive teeth and as a pain reliever for some types of cancer. Although specific information is not available, these uses likely consume very small quantities of strontium compounds, but the compounds must be extremely pure.

Where Does It Come From/Where Does It Go: The world reserves of strontium minerals are estimated to be 6.8 billion tons. They are mined in Spain, China, Mexico, Argentina and Morocco.  Deposits of strontium minerals occur widely in the United States, but none have been mined in the domestically since 1959. The U.S. relies 100 percent on imports for strontium minerals.

Purple fireworks, courtesy of Ethically Yours, Wikipedia.

We leave you with the color purple, which is made up of a combination of strontium and copper, described above. So as you enjoy your Fourth of July, don’t forget that minerals made those fireworks possible, just as they make so many other things we rely on possible every other day of the year.

Want more fun information on minerals? Check these out or follow us on www.twitter.com/usgsminerals.

Chemicals that affect the color of the sky are really common and are found throughout nature. Find out what chemicals affect the color of the sky with help from an experienced biology and chemistry professional in this free video clip.

Transcript

Hi, I’m Robin Higgins. And this is what chemicals affect the color of the sky. Alright, so understand that, we have to kind of understand the visible light spectrum. And so, our eyes can pick up these colors and all of these colors are actually coming from different wave lengths. So, blue light is actually the shortest, and red light light is the longest. O.k., so we have to understand one more thing before we can answer the questions well. So, let’s say that we’re here on Earth and then, you have the atmosphere. And you have the Sun’s rays. Now the sun’s rays are going to come with all these colors in them. And so during the day we end up seeing the shortest, we end up seeing blue. So, if we’re standing here, that’s what we see. And now, during sunset, it means that there’s actually from the way that the sun’s rays are coming, it actually has to travel a longer distance to get to our eyes. Because the Earth is rotating away from the sun, so we’re farther away relatively from the sun. So, when you have to travel a longer distance, these short wavelengths get bounced away by different atmosphere and particles. So, if you have all of your atmosphere here and so, it’s mostly O-two (O2) and N-two (N2). The short wavelengths are going to come in and they’re going to get bounced away once they hit a particle. And of course, these are just all random collisions. But the long wavelengths are going to make it through. And so, the longer wavelengths are the colors of the sunset, yellow, orange and red. And so, because these are longer, they’re able to miss the scattering and end up where we’ll be able to see them. So that’s why sunsets are more of these colors. Other molecules that affect the color of the sky are basically just pollutants. So, if you have a bunch of particles up in your atmosphere, this is really anything. Any type of carbon dioxide or anything that just creates a bunch of gas pollution is going to be more and more of these particles. Which means more and more of the shorter wavelengths, including yellow and orange are going to bounced away because there’s more particles in the air. And so, that means that all we’re left with is a very, very deep red sky. So, the chemicals that affect the color of this here, of the air are pollutants and then, natural things that are in the atmosphere like oxygen and nitrogen gas. I’m Robin Higgins and this is what chemicals affect the color of the sky.

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A number of chemical additives are used in these fuels including corrosion inhibitors, temperature stabilizers, detergents, and static electricity dissipators. Static dissipators are of particular …

chemtrails.cc

Investigating the covert aerosol dispersal program known as “chemtrails.” About search

4/9/2009 :The not-so-secret ingredient: Stadis 450 (dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid, barium salt)

by qbit on Feb.16, 2009, under What are they?
DRAFT FEB 09 – Please check http://chemtrails.cc/ for latest revision.
PDF version

The most commonly used commercial turbine jet fuels today are named JET-A, JET-A1, and JET-B. All of these are kerosene type fuels except JET-B which is a kerosene-naphtha blend for colder climates [1, 2]. JET-A is used internationally and JET-A1 is available only in the US. The US military primarily uses its own kerosene jet fuel, JP-8, which is similar to JET-A1 [ 11, 2].

A number of chemical additives are used in these fuels including corrosion inhibitors, temperature stabilizers, detergents, and static electricity dissipators. Static dissipators are of particular importance to atmospheric aerosol and environmental research, due to their metal content and their widespread use in commercial and military jet fuel [ 17, 8]. Octel Starreon Stadis® 450 is a static dissipator, comprised of dinonylnapthalene sulfonic acid and other organic solvents, and according to the product MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet), it contains two “trade secret” ingredients [ 18]. Stadis 450 is the only approved anti-static additive for use in Air Force aviation fuels, including JP-8, JP-5, JET-A1, and JET-B [9]. DuPont, the original manufacturer, reports having divested its production of Stadis 450 in September of 1994 to Octel Starreon LLC , now a subsidiary of Innospec Fuel Specialties. Innospec also manufactures another static dissipator additive called Statsafe®. However, according to Exxon Mobil, Stadis 450 continues to be the static dissipator of choice for commercial and military aviation [ 17].

… static dissipator additive is widely used in jet kerosene …. Stadis® 450 is the only additive currently manufactured for use in aviation turbine fuels approved by the major turbine and airframe manufacturers.

Although the “trade secret” ingredients are well protected by the manufacturer, a recent study contracted by the EPA [ 10] and other sources strongly imply that these ingredients are salts of barium and/or calcium. The EPA classifies this dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid, barium salt as a “HPV” (High Production Volume) chemical, meaning it is “produced or imported into the United States in quantities of 1 million pounds or more per year [ 12].” This same study reports that “Based on the available toxicity results, dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid, barium salt appears to be the most biologically active member of the [dinonylnaphthalene] 1/6 chemtrails.cc/…/the-not-so-secret-ing…

sulfonic acid, barium salt appears to be the most biologically active member of the [dinonylnaphthalene] category [10]

It is hypothesized that jet exhaust aerosol [ 4] is responsible for cloud seeding, dichroism observed in persistent contrails [ rainbow diffraction, and 5]. While “skeptics” may dismiss the very existence of persistent contrails, the phenomenon is widespread and commonly accepted among atmospheric scientists [ 7]. The exact cause of aerosol cloud seeding has been the subject of endless debate, but it has been shown conclusively that the earth’s albedo, or its overall reflectivity, is increased by contrail aerosol (see chemtrails.cc sattelite imagery category).

In the 3 days after the attacks on Sept. 11, 2001 during which the FAA grounded all commercial aircraft in the US, a unique opportunity to study atmospheric aerosol presented itself. David J. Travis, University of Wisconsin found significant changes in surface temperature and presented his findings to the American Meteorological Society [6].

There are a number of byproducts of combustion of kerosene jet fuel and its additives, including water, carbon dioxide, soot, sulfuric and nitrous acid, sulfur and nitrogen oxides, and metal ions [ 3], although this is by no means a complete list. Carbon monoxide and aromatic hydrocarbons also result from incomplete combustion.

Aerosol and contrail formation processes in an aircraft plume and wake as a function of plume age and temperature. (image courtesy GRID-Arendal)

Not surprisingly, UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) only makes casual mention of these metal particles, and fails to provide any information as to their role in atmospheric aerosol formation.

If one phenomenon gives away the presence of metals in the aerosol, it would be the large number of high altitude rainbows produced by contrail aerosol. Virtually unheard of prior to 1990, bright rainbows, sometimes referred to as “circumhorizon arcsor more commonly, “chembows,” can be observed regularly wherever jet aircraft fly.

According to a patent issued to Hughes Aircraft Company for dispersing metallic aerosol into the stratosphere, particles may stay suspended for up to a year. Hughes Aircraft, a major US defense contractor [14, 15], has been bought and sold by other defense contractors such as Boeing and Raytheon in recent years.

Exeprt from United States Patent 5003186: The particles may be seeded by dispersal from seeding aircraft; one exemplary technique may be via the jet fuel as suggested by prior work regarding the metallic particles. Once the tiny particles have been dispersed into the atmosphere, the particles may remain in suspension for up to one year. 2/6 chemtrails.cc/…

To avoid making qualitative judgments, I will not belabor the point that the horizon has been consistently gray, anywhere near commercial airports, since at least the early 1990s. But it would appear that the metal aerosol is indeed being dispersed, and staying suspended. While corporate media generally claims there can be no further debate about climate change, there are thousands of respected scientists who dispute the notion that atmospheric CO2 is the primary cause, and take exception to the idea that human intervention is required to “correct” it. At least 400 of them have testified to this effect to the US Senate [ 16].

Critical thinkers must question whether, with such flimsy scientific evidence, controlling the climate is the true motivation behind this metal aerosol dispersal. A 10 mile thick blanket of metal aerosol may have other uses to the militaries of the world, particularly in the fields of surveillance, aircraft and missile guidance, radar ducting, and radio frequency weapons systems.

Citations  

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_fuel
2. http://www.csgnetwork.com/jetfuel.html
3. GRID-Arendal in collaboration with United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). http://www.grida.no/publications/other/ipcc_sr/?src=/climate/ipcc/aviation/034.htm
4. http://chemtrails.cc/2009/01/27/arkansas-news-report/
5. http://chemtrails.cc/2009/01/25/what-are-chembows/
6. http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2002/05/52512
7. http://www.agu.org/sci_soc/prrl/prrl9919.html
8. DETAIL SPECIFICATION, TURBINE FUEL, AVIATION, KEROSENE TYPE, JP-8 (NATO F34), NATO F-35, and JP-8+100 (NATO F-37) [pdf]. U.S. Army. Downloaded from http://www.hnd.usace.army.mil/stddgn/data%5C078_24_28%5CPreviews%5C15880.pdf
9. AEF Fuels Management Pocket Guide [pdf]. U.S. Air Force. Downloaded from http://www.aflma.hq.af.mil/lgj/AEF_fules_book_2007_final.pdf
10. High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program Test Plan and Data Review, Dinonylnaphthalene Category [pdf]. http://www.epa.gov/hpv/pubs/summaries/dinapcat/c15766tp.pdf
11. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/systems/engines-fuel.htm
12. http://www.epa.gov/hpvis/
13. PermitApplicationReports200808-Marathon_Stadis_450.pdf Source: http://www.louisvilleky.gov/NR/rdonlyres/E20509AE-4D28-4603-83B3B16A640C9D10/0/PermitApplicationReports200808.pdf
14. Hughes Aircraft Company
15. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hughes_Aircraft
16. Over 400 Prominent Scientists Disputed Man-Made Global Warming Claims in 2007. From http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Minority.SenateReport
17. Exxon Mobil World Jet Fuel Specifications with Avgas Supplement. From: http://www.exxonmobilaviation.com/AviationGlobal/Files/WorldJetFuelSpec2008_1.pdf 18. Octel Starreon Stadis 450 MSDS

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“As technology is advanced, now people can create artificial rain by adding some chemicals to seed the cloud. What are those chemicals? Here is the list of chemicals used in artificial rain.”

December 29, 2017 |By dwipurwa |Az Chemistry | Source

In the time where climate is unpredictable, several pattern of season are messed up. While in the past rain and dry season are usually periodic in constant cycle, especially in equator line, nowadays, either of the two can stay longer than its usual period. This causes several abnormalities, for example, longer period dry season or el nino can cause critical source of water.

During abnormal dry season, the amount of evaporation is bigger than precipitation. As a result, the frequency of rain decreases as well as the water supply. When there is a lack of water, problems like dehydration, sanitation, to industry supply will surface. As technology is advanced, now people can create artificial rain by adding some chemicals to seed the cloud. What are those chemicals? Here is the list of chemicals used in artificial rain.

  1. Silver Iodide

The main compound of cloud seeding for artificial rain is silver iodide. Silver iodides are examples of inorganic compounds with chemical formula Agl. Silver iodide is a highly photosensitive as a reaction of iodide solution with silver ions. The chemical has yellowish color and the solid form of it can precipitate quickly. Silver iodide acts as trigger or hook for the seeded cloud to precipitate. The chemical blends with the cloud and induce the freezing cloud to release it in the form of water. With such function, silver iodide is a chemical used in artificial rain.

  1. Potassium Iodide

Another chemical needed in cloud seeding to create artificial rain is potassium iodide. Potassium iodide is similar to silver iodide except for the fact that potassium iodide is not only for artificial rain but also for other uses. People used potassium iodide as a shield against nuclear radiation in Chernobyl incident. It is also effective to protect some of human’s internal organ. In cloud seeding, potassium iodide functions as photosensitizer  in the application of photochemistry in modern life with silver nitrate. It is also the chemical that forms silver iodide with nitrate as combination. Because of its function, it is used to make artificial rain as well.

  1. Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide in the form of dry ice is also important in the making of artificial rain. This chemical is a colorless gas with chemical compound CO2. While carbon monoxide is carbon atom that bonds only with one oxygen atom, carbon dioxide bonds with two atoms and is not as dangerous as monoxide one. When it is in the form of ice, carbon dioxide will help to weigh down the clouds and press the trapped water to fall down to surface of the earth. Dry ice is not similar to ordinary ice so it functions purely as additional weight to the cloud and does not contain water. (Related to: Chemicals in Water supply).

  1. Propane

Propane is an alkane compound with three carbon atoms. It has the chemical formula of C3H8. Propane is a common substance used as fuel is a natural gas that often is colorless but under certain circumstance can turn into liquid form. Propane gas as cloud seeding material acts as a pusher to encourage the clouds to precipitate. The liquid form of it will also trigger the clouds to release a liquid form of itself, further cause rain. Propane needs other chemical to be able to properly run its function in cloud seeding. Regardless, propane is important in the process of artificial rain.

  1. Calcium Carbide

During agitation state calcium carbide is used in the making of artificial rain. Calcium carbide along with calcium oxide acts as absorbers of water vapour. It consists of salt and urea or ammonium nitrate. This chemical is a calcium compound with formula CAC2. It is usually colorless but can also appear white-ish. To produce calcium carbide, lime and coke mixture in an electric arc furnace reaction will result in calcium carbide. Furthermore, the role in artificial rain is to trigger precipitation in the sky clouds.

  1. Ammonium Nitrate

Another chemical involved in cloud seeding is ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate is the nitrate salt of ammonium cation with chemical formula NH4NO3. Appear in crystal white solid form, ammonium nitrate commonly used as fertilizer in agriculture. However, this chemical also plays role in the cloud seeding process to create artificial rain. Along with other chemicals, ammonium nitrate acts as the one that increase nuclei and to increase the density of the clouds as well. Nuclei is beads of water contained in the clouds that should fall as rain. With such function, ammonium nitrate is among the chemicals used in artificial rain.

  1. Sodium Chloride

Alternative chemical beside silver iodide to create artificial rain is sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is a chemical compound with formula NaCl. The formation of sodium chloride is one portion of sodium and one portion of chloride. Commonly known as salt, it is an ionic compound that can also acts as denser in artificial rain making. The chemical will make the cloud dense with big beads of water, further pushing them to create precipitation and drop rain onto the earth’s surface. The use of it is considered to be more expensive compared to silver iodide and is only used occasionally during extreme dry season. To know more about its use, read Sodium Chloride Uses.

  1. Urea Compound

Another chemical that usually utilized in agriculture but is also able to help in cloud seeding is urea. Urea compound is also known as carbamide with chemical formula CH4N2O. The chemical comes with white solid appearance that is often used as plants fertilizer. In cloud seeding, urea acts as the one that absorb the water vapour. As a result, it will create a more dense cloud to break down the super cool clouds. Moreover, it also stimulates the formation of water mass from crystallized water in the clouds. Thus, urea is also chemical used in artificial rain.

Artificial rain is now a common one resulted from cloud seeding to trigger rain in places that have not received any rains in a long period of time. Although there is a discussion about the harm of chemicals used in artificial rain, this method is effective enough and is trusted by many countries to save the climate. Indeed, there are 8 list of chemical used in artificial rain you should know.” 

Link To Source

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Chemtrails – Geoengineering: The Greatest “Crime of All Time”

Geoengineering Watch

Aug 22, 2013 · The popular term for these aerosols is Chemtrails In an interview last month, Clifford Carnicom (one of the world’s leading researchers on the aerosols) notes in using the …

North America is now suffering its seventh year of conspicuous and dangerous aerosol and electromagnetic operations conducted by the U.S. government under the guise of national security. Concerned citizens watch in fear as military tankers discolor the skies with toxic chemicals that morph into synthetic clouds.

By Amy Worthington
Global Research, March 23, 2013
(originally published in 2004)

This important article was first published by Global Research in June 2004

We continually witness bizarre meteorological occurrences as powerful electromagnetic devices manipulate both the jet stream and individual storm fronts to create artificial weather and climatic conditions. Black operations projects embedded within these aerosol missions are documented to sicken and disorient select populations with biological test agents and psychotronic mind/mood control technologies. Part of what is happening in the atmosphere above us involves the Pentagon’s secret space weapons program, designed for strategic, operational and tactical levels of war. NASA missions will soon be transferred to Pentagon control.1 The Air Force Space Command declares that, in order to monitor and shape world events, it must fight intense, decisive wars with great precision from space.2 Air Force Secretary James G. Roche has stated: “Space capabilities are integrated with, and affect every link in the kill chain.”3 A glimpse into new death technologies under construction is in legislation introduced by Ohio Congressman Dennis Kucinch. His unsuccessful Space Preservation Act of 2001 was intended to ban space deployment of:4

* electronic, psychotronic and information weaponry* high altitude ultra low frequency weapons

* plasma, electromagnetic, sonic and ultrasonic weapons

* laser weapons

* strategic, theater, tactical or extraterrestrial weapons

* chemical biological, environmental climate or tectonic weapons

* chemtrails (this item was stricken from a later version, suggesting duress)

In their quest to remain top dog in the kill chain, the purveyors of perpetual war have deliberately dimmed earth’s life-giving sunlight,5 and reduced atmospheric visibility with lung-clogging particulates and polymers.6 This ecological terrorism has severely compromised public health, according to thousands of testimonials. Years of mass appeals to legislators, media and military officials for information, and for cessation of catastrophic atmospheric degradation, have fallen on deaf bureaucratic ears. Public awareness of what befalls us remains as murky as our skies because those “in the know” are muzzled by national secrecy laws and Americans have no authority to challenge matters of national security. Left to gather clues, we know this much so far:

1. At least part of the aerosol project has been dubbed Operation Cloverleaf,7 probably due to its multi-faceted operations, which include: weather modification, military communications, space weapons development, ozone and global warming research plus biological weaponry and detection testing.

2. Dumping tons of particulate matter from aircraft has geo-engineered our planetary atmosphere into a highly charged, electrically-conductive plasma useful for military projects.8 The air we breathe is laden with asbestos-sized synthetic fibers and toxic metals, including barium salts, aluminum, and reportedly, radioactive thorium.9 These materials act as electrolytes to enhance conductivity of military radar and radio waves.10 Poisonous on par with arsenic and a proven suppressant of the human immune system,11 atmospheric barium weakens human muscles, including those of the heart.12 Inhaled aluminum goes directly to the brain and medical specialists confirm that it causes oxidative stress within brain tissue, leading to formation of Alzheimer’s like neurofibrillary tangles.13 Radioactive thorium is known to cause leukemia and other cancers.14

3. Only a small percentage of the military’s atmospheric modification projects are visibly obvious. What we can’t see is equally dangerous. The ionosphere, the earth and its inhabitants are continually bombarded with high frequency microwaves used to manipulate the charged atmosphere for weather modification, information gathering and for tectonic (earthquake-producing) weaponry.15 Independent chemtrail researcher Clifford Carnicom confirms that we are also continuously subjected to extremely low electromagnetic frequencies (ELF) pulsing at 4 hertz multiples, frequencies known to profoundly affect human biological and mental functioning.16

4. There is a well-documented biological component to continuously ongoing atmospheric studies in which nations and regions are furtively inoculated via specially designed delivery systems with combinations of viruses, bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma, desiccated blood cells and exotic biological markers so that testmasters can assess human, animal and plant response.17

5. The multi-organizational megalith perpetrating these bio-chem projects against humanity includes the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) and its research arm DARPA, plus the Department of Energy (DOE) with its huge network of national labs and universities. Private defense contractors and pharmaceutical companies are heavily involved.18 Cooperating governments of other nations and probably some United Nations agencies are complicit, since the aerosol projects are global in scope.

Gross chemical and electromagnetic pollution is only part of the horrific realities we endure. The sociopaths who brazenly pervert skies, climate and weather for power and profit are the same madmen who have waged four limited nuclear wars since 1991. Radioactive weaponry, declared both illegal and immoral by the entire civilized world, has been used by the Pentagon in Desert Storm, the Balkans campaign and the on-going occupation-wars against Afghanistan and Iraq. Few Americans understand the extent of carnage inflicted in their name across the planet.

By scientific definition, the missiles, tank penetrators and bunker busting bombs unleashed against Iraq and Afghanistan by U.S. and British forces in the so-called war on terror are nuclear weapons.19 Refuse from radioactive weaponry does not disperse, but remains in the atmosphere organotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic to all living flesh for 4.5 billion years.

Inhabitants of the Pentagon’s two newly “liberated” nations are now slowly dying of radiation and heavy metal poisoning. Victims of U.S. weaponry used in Afghanistan have a concentration of non-depleted uranium isotopes in their bodies never before seen in civilian populations.20 Tons of depleted and non-depleted uranium contaminating their land, air, food and water guarantee their painful demise. Using data from the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA), nuclear scientist Leuren Moret calculates that the estimated 2,500+ tons of depleted uranium used against Iraq in 1991 and 2003 is sufficient to cause 25 million new cancers.21 Is it a coincidence that the population of Iraq, according to the CIA, is 25 million?

The quarter million U.S. and British fighting forces who have helped the Pentagon deliver this holocaust also face inevitable radiological death by slow burn. Rotated into atomic war zones since 2001, coalition troops have inhaled and ingested millions of tiny invisible ceramic uranium particles which emit alpha, beta and gamma radiation as they embed in lungs, kidneys, blood, lymph and bone.22 Radiation exposure to a single internalized U-238 (uranium) alpha particle is 50 times the allowable whole body dose for one year under international standards.23 As U-238 decays into daughter isotopes, it becomes ever more radioactive, causing cell and organ destruction to escalate over time.24 Uranium contamination leads to incapacitating, multi-organ system disorders identical to illnesses suffered by thousands of Gulf War I vets. Bodily fluids poisoned with uranium isotopes sicken spouses and visit upon offspring a genetic Armageddon.25

Who knows what a disabled and prematurely dying military population will mean to future stability and safety of USA? Yet Senator Chuck Hagel (R- Neb.) now demands that America provide more fodder for its atomic battlefields by reinstating the military draft so that “all of our citizens…bear some responsibility and pay some price” in order to “understand the intensity of the challenges we face.”26

Despite disingenuous denials that biological harm will result from atomic warfare,27 the Pentagon knows full well the gruesome realities of uranium weaponry by virtue of its own voluminous studies spanning 60 years. Pentagon documents confirm that America’s war establishment knowingly exposes its own troops to dangerous levels of radiation.28 The resulting illness of those now returning from the war zones is already making headlines.29

Because our military-industrial overlords brazenly poison the very grunts who make their war games possible, we must logically conclude there is virtually nothing they would not secretly and sadistically do to the rest of us. Military officials lie as perniciously about chemtrail operations30 as they do about effects of DU weaponry. If people were to consider the published science regarding chemtrails and DU, they would understand that we are all in mortal jeopardy.

Both the Pentagon’s aerosol operations and its limited nuclear wars are deeply interconnected. We can trace the beginnings of Operation Cloverleaf right to the Strangelove brain of Dr. Edward Teller, father of the hydrogen bomb and proponent of nuking inhabited coast lines to rearrange them for economic projects.31 Before he died in 2003, Teller was director emeritus of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, where plans for nuclear, biological and directed energy weapons are crafted. In 1997, Teller publicly outlined his proposal to use aircraft to scatter in the stratosphere millions of tons of electrically-conductive metallic materials, ostensibly to reduce global warming.32

Shortly after Teller’s presentation, the public began seeing frenetic chemtrailing. In 2000, CBS News admitted that scientists were “looking at drastic solutions for global warming, including manipulating the atmosphere on a massive scale.” CBS confirmed that the plan to load the air with tiny particles would “deflect enough sunlight to trigger global cooling.”33

Teller estimated that commercial aircraft could be used to spew these particles at a cost of 33 cents a pound.34 This gives credence to a report by an airline manager, forced by a compulsory non-disclosure agreement to remain anonymous, that commercial aircraft have been co-opted to assist the military in consummating Project Cloverleaf.35 A 1991 Hughes aircraft patent confirms that sunscreen particulate materials can be run through jet engines.36 A science textbook now used in some public schools discusses the sunscreen project by showing a large orange-red jet with the caption, “Jet engines running on richer fuel would add particles to the atmosphere to create a sunscreen.” The logo on the plane says “Particle Air.”37 The implications of this crucial information should not be understated. A program to make America’s millions of annual jet flights a source of specially designed particulate pollution is serious business.

Cloverleaf particles and polymers saturating the air we breathe are smaller than 10 microns (PM 10) and are invisible to the human eye. By comparison, a human hair is 60 to 100 microns in thickness. Scientists and the EPA report that because PM10 and sub-micron pollution particles bypass lung filters and enter the blood stream, they cause radical changes in the endocrine and nervous systems. 38 They can trigger high blood pressure and cause heart attack within two hours of inhalation.39 They cause the blood to become sticky, making it tougher for the heart to pump and increasing the risk of blood clots and vessel damage.40 Now researchers in Taiwan document “a significant increase” in the number of stroke victims when PM10 pollutant levels rise.41 The American Lung Association confirms that we are breathing more toxic air than ever.42 No wonder nationwide asthma rates have been soaring in recent years.43

Tiny synthetic filaments called polymers are part of the brew. In 1990, a NATO report detailed how high-flying aircraft can modify the atmosphere by spraying polymers to absorb electromagnetic radiation.44 U.S. patent number 6315213 describes how cross-linked aqueous polymers dispersed into a storm diminish rain.45

Polymer chemist Dr. R. Michael Castle has studied atmospheric polymers for years. He has found that some of them contain bioactive materials, which can cause “serious skin lesions and diseases when absorbed into the skin.”46 He has identified microscopic polymers comprised of genetically-engineered fungal forms mutated with viruses. He says that trillions of fusarium (fungus)/virus mutated spores, which secrete a powerful mico-toxin, are part of the air we breathe.47 Allergies anyone?

We can safely bet that into our particle-enriched air, experimenters are also dumping nanoparticles, developed for a variety of military and industrial uses. These engineered carbon molecules, as small as one-thousandth the diameter of human hair, display bizarre chemical properties and are known to trigger organ damage.48 A recent study at Southern Methodist University found that fish exposed to one type of nanoparticle suffered severe brain damage after only 48 hours.49

The military’s aerosol operations have been climate altering to the extreme. Air traffic is a huge source of greenhouse pollution. Increasing that traffic exponentially in order to scatter tons of heat-trapping metallic particulates and heat-liberating barium salts have undoubtedly led to accelerated global warming. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide, have reached a record high this year.50 As carbon dioxide levels rise, oxygen levels decrease.

In 1996, Scientists for Global Responsibility compiled a report contending that dangerous geoengineering, as proposed by Teller and the Global Change Research Coordination Office, would be absolutely ineffective in mitigating global warming. The report noted that climate engineering research is funded by industry with a vested interest in continued high consumption of fossil fuels.51 The hair-brained scheme of particle engineering was contrived to ensure that industry polluters will never be forced to decrease their greenhouse gas emissions. But because warming and pollution trends have worsened drastically since the aerosol projects began, we must suspect that the warming mitigation program is a hoax and that chemtrailing is really intended, among other things, to create a series of “hobgoblins.”

The establishment’s modus operandi for maintaining a fierce and lucrative hold upon the collective American mind has been defined precisely by satirist H.L. Mencken (1880-1956) who wrote: “The whole aim of practical politics is to keep the populace alarmed, and thus clamorous to be led to safety, by menacing it with an endless series of hobgoblins, all of them imaginary.”

In The Report from Iron Mountain published in 1967, just as the Pentagon’s lucrative Vietnam War was being revved into high gear, establishment braintrusters confirmed that perpetual war is absolutely vital for controlling and manipulating the masses. The document even suggested a number of options for creating fictitious enemies, noting that perpetual war induces populations to give blind allegiance to political authority.52

Since the 1930s, when the Eastern Establishment, including the Bush family, used its New York banks and oil companies to secretly fund Hitler’s German Nazi party,53 our controllers have employed FEAR, the concept of ENEMY and WAR to keep us in bondage. Chemtrailing is a manifestation of the Fourth Reich, an era of corporate fascism ushered in by a powerful military juggernaut, which manufactures enemies and unleashes fake terror attacks to scare us into voiceless submission.

Both Saddam Hussein and the al Queda networks have long been nourished with U.S. government and corporate funding and groomed by U.S. military and corporate advisors to play useful roles as “enemies.”54 Former German Technology Minister Andreas von Bulow recently confirmed on U.S. radio that hijacked planes were able to fly around the eastern U.S. on 9/11 unimpeded by military interdiction because those attacks were part of a carefully-orchestrated “covert operation” designed to coerce America into perpetual conflict with the Muslim world.55

Now, a “secret” Pentagon report has been conveniently leaked to the media. It contends that abrupt climate change is the most fearful hobgoblin yet.56 Authored by change agents with ties to the CIA and the Royal Dutch/Shell Group, the report contends that abrupt climate change will lead to a global catastrophe of monumental proportions, including nuclear war and natural disasters, as whole nations disappear beneath the encroaching sea and survivors fight for dwindling food, water and energy supplies.

Yet the Pentagon has been involved for decades in the drastic manipulation of weather, climate and atmospheric conditions. The U.S. used a chemical agent dubbed Olive Oil during Operation Popeye to induce heavy rains in Vietnam 40 years ago.57 The Air Force document titled “Weather As a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather in 2025″ lists its weaponized agenda for creating abrupt climate change including: Storm creation and modification, fog and cloud creation, precipitation enhancement, precipitation denial, drought inducement and artificial creation of “space weather.” This document also states that the military’s radical weather modification agenda will “become a part of national security policy with both domestic and international applications.”58

Weather weapons are now routinely used in war zones. A citizen reporting from Serbia noted that during NATO operations in the Balkans, black clouds suddenly materialized out of blue skies, hailstones were the size of eggs, and surreal thunder and lightening terrified the people. He reported that scientists found that the electromagnetic field over Serbia had been punctured, causing rain systems to circumvent the region.59 In addition to manufactured drought, scientists also predict that Serbia will suffer 10,000 cancer deaths from DU weaponry used there.60

According to University of Ottawa Professor Michael Chossudovsky, the military’s High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP), operating in Alaska as part of the Strategic Defense Initiative, is a powerful tool for weather and climate modification.61 Operated jointly by the U.S. Navy and Air Force, HAARP antennas bombard and heat the ionosphere, causing electromagnetic frequencies to bounce back to earth, penetrating everything living and dead.62

HAARP transmissions make holes in the ozone,63 creating yet another hobgoblin. HAARP inventor Bernard Eastlund described in his original patent how antenna energy can interact with plumes of atmospheric particles, used as a lens or focusing device, to modify weather.64 HAARP is capable of triggering floods, droughts and hurricanes, much to the chagrin of both the European Parliament and the Russian Duma.65

HAARP also generates sweeping pulses through the ULF/ELF range.66 In 2000, independent researchers monitored HAARP transmissions of 14 hertz. They found that when these signals were broadcast at high output levels, wind speeds topped 70 miles per hour. They watched as these same transmissions dispersed a huge weather front approaching the west coast from California to British Columbia. Although precipitation had been originally forecast, the front was seen shredding apart on satellite photos and rain did not materialize.67 The hobgoblin drought can be an enriching and empowering tool for certain corporate and governing entities.

HAARP is not only capable of destabilizing agricultural and ecological systems anywhere on the planet, but its effects can target select regions to affect human physical, mental and emotional responses during non-lethal warfare projects.68 HAARP frequencies beamed at specific targets can generate catastrophic earthquakes,69 exactly like the quake last December which killed thousands of people in Iran, a nemesis nation according to the Bush administration.

The Pentagon’s warning about climate catastrophe is surely nothing more than a thinly-veiled attempt to prepare the masses for the bizarre atmospheric upheavals we can expect as the military continues to brutalize our planet and near space with its grotesque toys. And we ain’t seen nothing yet. Dr. Eastlund and his ilk have developed plans for solar power satellites designed to modify the weather with electromagnetic beam output that dwarfs the present HAARP system.70 As abrupt climate change is increasingly orchestrated, we will surely need additional fascist agencies, an ever-growing military budget and more poison-particle projects that just happen to ensure population reduction as a side benefit.

Despite visual evidence that every aspect of our physical environment is being manipulated and damaged for war games, some Americans cannot accept that dangerous covert operations are being conducted by a government they still believe to be a virtuous defender of freedom. Their stumbling block is a numbing belief that their own officials would never perpetrate dangerous experimentation on humanity since “they have families too.” History and the release of declassified government documents disprove such naiveté.

Although “they” had families too, the U.S. government and its defense contractors exposed citizens of the northwest U.S. to huge and deliberate releases of radioactive iodine 131 from the Hanford Nuclear Reservation where plutonium was produced for nuclear bombs.71 Those Cold War releases unleashed radiation illnesses upon thousands of downwinders, some of whom received up to 350 rads of radiation when a maximum safety dose is set at .025 rads annually.72 Between 1949 and 1952, radioactive pellets, dust and particles were tested on the hapless citizens of Utah and New Mexico.73

By 1963, 1,200 nuclear weapons tests conducted at the Nevada test site had exposed every person in the U.S. to deadly radioactive fallout, causing millions of fetal deaths, spontaneous abortions, stillbirths and birth defects.74 The U.S. government also conducted over 4,000 radiation experiments on individual human test subjects without their informed consent.75 The delayed effects of decades of radiation exposure from weapons testing are today demonstrated by a U.S. population plagued with epidemic cancer and heart disease, neurological disorders, low fertility, chronic fatigue, obesity (thyroid involvement), immune system dysfunction and learning disabilities. Approximately half of all pregnancies in the U.S. result in prenatal or postnatal death or an otherwise less than healthy baby.76 As military tankers spew white chemical plumes across America at a cost of $3,448 per hour per tanker,77 we are reminded of Dr. Leonard Cole’s 1994 testimony before a Senate Committee regarding 45 years of open air testing during which military aircraft sprayed American cities with bacteria, fungus and carcinogenic chemicals.78 Between 1962-1973, the U.S. Navy conducted hundreds of bio-chem tests known as Operation SHAD (Shipboard Hazard and Defense). SHAD projects like Autumn Gold and Copper Head exposed 10,000 navy personnel to aircraft spray laden with biological and chemical warfare agents, including sarin nerve gas.79 The cocktails used in those genocidal “tests” are now linked to cancer, heart and lung problems suffered by surviving guinea pigs.

We are told that defense officials perpetrated these atrocities so that scientists could learn about how to “protect” Americans from attack. So why, in the late 80s, would our “protectors” fall all over themselves to supply Saddam Hussein’s war machine with 90 shipments of chemical and biological weaponry, including sarin, anthrax, botulism, brucella and West Nile Virus?80

It will likely be years before Americans are told what is being tested upon them during our present chemtrail/space wars era. The Hanford downwinders did not learn until 1986 what had been unleashed upon them some 30 years earlier; SHAD victims filed suit in 2003 to learn the extent to which they were intentionally exposed to dangerous substances in the 60s.

To understand how our nation has arrived at this doomsday corruption, we must recall that immediately after WWII ended, the U.S. government initiated Operation Paperclip through which a large number of German Nazi scientists were imported to the United States. Once issued new identities, these death industry pros were employed in U.S. military laboratories to develop a dazzling array of secret weaponry projects.81 With congressional funding, the crowning achievement of this nexus was the creation of ghastly new bioweapons, including the AIDS virus82 and an incapacitating chronic fatigue agent engineered from mycoplasma and brucella.83

The military is empowered to continue lethal experimentation by devious wording of Section 1520a Chapter 32 of U.S. Code Title 50. The law states that the Secretary of Defense may NOT conduct any chemical or biological test or experiment on civilian populations, unless such tests are for medical, therapeutic, pharmaceutical, agricultural, industrial purposes or for research in general or for protection against weapons or for law enforcement purposes, including riot control. So DOD may not use us for guinea pigs, unless it is for any “good” reason under the sun! The law states that human subjects must give informed consent. But a nasty loophole in Section 1515 of Chapter 32 allows informed consent to be suspended by executive order during a period of national emergency, a situation under which this nation perpetually labors by deliberate hobgoblin design.

Few American test rats realize that the Pentagon’s boys in Congress have now:

* appropriated millions of dollars for the manufacture and testing of new “mini nukes” and bunker buster bombs.84* authorized the DOE to resume nuclear testing in Nevada.85

* exempted DOD and DOE from landmark environmental laws in the development of these new weapons.86

America’s 70,000 nuclear weapons manufactured since 1945 are not sufficient! As DOE gears up to develop and test fourth-generation nukes, numerous reports continue to surface about the agency’s sordid corruption and mismanagement. DOE’s habitual cover-up of site contamination and its devious efforts to downplay serious illnesses suffered by many of its nuclear workers are among recent scandals.87

When new “low yield” nuclear weapons (defined as being smaller than 5 kilotons) are tested in Nevada, downwinders might like to know that a mini .5 kiloton nuclear warhead would have to burrow 150 feet to eliminate atmospheric fallout. No weapon yet developed can penetrate more than 40 feet into the earth. A tested nuclear warhead that burrows to only 40 feet will throw a million cubic feet of radioactive debris into the atmosphere.88

The Pentagon’s new nuke era is in the capable hands of Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, who has so ably presided over the pre-emptive nuclear incineration of Middle Eastern Muslims. Rumsfeld has never adequately explained why his Department was unable to defend the Pentagon building despite a full hour’s notice that hijacked planes were in the air. Should Rumsfeld be replaced due to the Pentagon’s Iraqi torture scandal, we are assured that his Bush-appointed successor will share his have-nuke-will-travel ideology.

Working closely with Rumsfeld is a coven of pro-nukers, including his advisor Keith Payne, a vocal advocate of pre-emptive nuclear war. Payne has written that an “intelligent” nuclear offensive launched by the U.S. would result in only 20 million U.S. casualties, “a level compatible with national survival and recovery.”89

Now that we have tied together the historical and political realities for which we mindlessly wave our flags, we still hope that sufficient numbers of American lab rats will miraculously awaken from their collective stupor and take stock of our appalling situation. After all, rodents have a notoriously short life span and are always killed when no longer useful to those conducting research. The irony of this horror story is that we rats are being plundered to finance our own demise. Our national debt of 7.2 trillion grows by $1.8 billion a day.90 The Pentagon cannot account for $2.3 trillion of its shadowy transactions.91

The radioactive operations in Iraq are costing $3.7 billion a month, those in Afghanistan $900 million a month.92 No one knows how many $billions are being flushed into Operation Cloverleaf and other hobgoblin projects. The U.S. spends $11,000 per second on weapons, according to calculations of celebrated author William Thomas.93

So, while we await the great awakening, have a wonderful, barium-dried summer under a synthetic tarpaulin of aluminum-white, particle-laden, electrically-charged aviation scum that passes for sky. Endure well your respiratory and ocular difficulties while staring at huge oily sun rings and smeary sundogs, the patent signature of chemical assault. Don’t forget to salute and click your heels when you see tanker formations patriotically saturating the atmosphere with such a dense, micro-particulate brew that they cast black shadows alongside or ahead of themselves.

As you witness the noxious drama in the skies, remember, it’s all just part of the “kill chain.”

Sun dogs are a solar phenomenon where pillars of light appear on either side of the sun. (Image credit: karinegenest via Getty Images)

A sundog is a concentrated patch of sunlight that is occasionally seen to the right or the left of the sun or even on both sides of our star in the sky simultaneously.

Also called mock suns or parhelia, meaning “with the sun,” according to the National Weather Service. Sundogs are part of a family of atmospheric optical illusions including moon haloes and the closely related sun haloes. All of these phenomena are caused by the refraction of sunlight by ice crystals in the atmosphere.

Sundogs typically appear as a pair of patches of light with subtle colors which manifest at the same altitude over the horizon as the sun. They can appear in a variety of forms, sometimes as colorful spots, or other times, so intense and bright they appear to be two additional suns in the sky.

The name “sundog” is believed to date back to Greek mythology according to Almanac, though this isn’t the definitive origin of the name. The name may reflect the belief that as Zeus the father of all gods and the god of the sky in Greek mythology, walked his dogs through the sky they often appeared as companions to the sun as two “false suns.”

A solar halo goes by many different names. Sometimes it is simply referred to as “the ring around the sun.”   or Sun Ring  This phenomenon is better known as a solar or 22-degree halo

The color of a solar halo varies from a faint rainbow color to a pale white tint. The rainbow colors are the result of the ice crystals breaking up the white light into its primary colors. Sometimes, though, the primary colors combine and blend together to form a white tint.

Solar or 22-degree halos are defined as hazy rainbow-colored rings occurring at a radius of approximately 22 degrees around the sun. It results from the sun’s light being refracted by ice crystals in Cirrus clouds in the upper troposphere at altitudes of approximately 6000 meters or 20 000 feet.

A solar halo is exactly the same phenomenon that occurs during the daytime around another celestial body. The halo you see around the moon is the same meteorological phenomenon. Instead of sunlight, though, it is the moonlight that is refracted in this case.
On rare occasions, one may also catch a very rare glimpse of not one but a double halo surrounding the sun.

NOTES

1. “USAF Plans to Utterly Dominate, Rule Space,” Joel Bleifuss, editor of In These Times.com, 9-14-03.

2. Almanac 2000, Journal of the Air Force Association, May 2000, Vol. 83.

3. Roche’s “kill chain” statement was made during his October 2002 speech at the Conference on the Law and Policy Relating to National Security Activities in Outer Space.

4. “Pentagon Preps for War in Space,”Noah Shachtman, http://www.wirednews.com , 2-20-04.

5. “The Theft of Sunlight,” Clifford Carnicom, 10-25-03: “…Measurements show a rapid reduction in the transmission of sunlight from a value of 97% on a ‘clear day’ to the lower level of approximately 80% during the early stages of heavy aerosol operations….The absorption and displacement of this solar energy into environmental, military, biological and electromagnetic operations represents a theft of the natural and divine rights of the inhabitants of this planet.” www.carnicom.com .

6. “Visibility Standards Changed,” Clifford Carnicom, 3-30-01: “It will be noted that in October of 1997, a change in the reporting system of visibility data was reduced from a former maximum of 40 miles to a limit of 10 miles. It is a reasonable question to ask as to why that change was made, and whether or not it was made in anticipation of…large scale aircraft aerosol operations over large scale geographic regions.” http://www.carnicom.com .

7. “A Meeting,” Clifford Carnicom, 7-26-03. See http://www.carnicom.com .

8. “Atmospheric Conductivity,” Clifford Carnicom, 7-09-01, http://www.carnicom.com .

9. For facts on barium toxicity, see Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, September 1995. For references on barium related to chemtrails, see www.carnicom.com for the following articles: “Barium Tests are Positive,” Clifford Carnicom, 5-10-04; “Sub-micron Particulates Isolated,” Carnicom, 4-26-04; “Barium Affirmed by Spectroscopy,” Clifford Carnicom, 11-1-2000; “Electrolysis and Barium,” Carnicom, 5-27-02; “Rainwater Metals,” Carnicom, 7-30-01; “Barium Identification Further Confirmed,” Carnicom, 11-28-00.

10. “The Plasma Frequency: Radar Applications,” Clifford Carnicom, 11-05-01; See http://www.carnicom.com .

11. “Functional heterogeneity in the process of T lymphocyte activation; barium blocks several modes of T-cell activation, but spares a functionally unique subset of PHA-activable T cells,” Clinical Experimental Immunology, Pecanha and Dos Reis, May 1989.

12. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Safety Data Sheet.

13. Aluminum Toxicity, Barbara Barnett, MD, 11-26-02. See http://www.emedicine.com .

14. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, July 1999; For information on thorium in chemtrails: “The Methodic Demise of Natural Earth,” Dr. Mike Castle, 3-27-04, http://www.willthomas.net .

15. Angels Don’t Play This HAARP, Nick Begich and Jeane Manning, 1995; “HAARP: Vandalism in the Sky?” Begich and Manning, Nexus Magazine, January 1996.

16. “Elf Radiation is Confirmed,” Clifford Carnicom, 11-17-02; “Elf Disruption & Countermeasures,” Clifford Carnicom 11-27-02; “A Proposal of Cascading Resonance,” Clifford Carnicom, 4-21-03. See http://www.carnicom.com for these and numerous other frequency studies; also “Electromagnetic Waves Linked to Children’s Brain Tumor,” Kyodo News Service, 6-8-03.

17. Death In the Air, Global Terrorism and Toxic Warfare, Leonard G. Horowitz, Tetrahedron Publishing Group, 2001; “Military Conducting Biological Warfare in Washington,” 12-12-97, www.rense.com; Probing the Chemtrails Conundrum, William Thomas, Essence Publications, 2000, http://www.willthomas.net .

18. For a comprehensive list of those involved in Operation Cloverleaf and associated projects, see: “Chemtrails–Top Intel, Military, and Defense Contractors Watching Carnicom.com,” rense.com, 1-12-00. Among agencies most interested in opposition to chemtrail projects is the United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute associated with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. See: “The Monitors of JGI,” Clifford Carnicom, March 17, 2003, carnicom.com. 19. The Trojan Horse of Nuclear War– A paper presented at the World Depleted Uranium Weapons Conference at the University of Hamburg, October 16-19, 2003, Dr. Leuren Moret. Dr. Moret is a former staff scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Her work is highly documented with scientific papers.

20. Uranium Medical Research Centre, “Afghan Field Trip #2 Report,” November 2002; http://www.umrc.com ; also “Astoundingly High Afghan Uranium Levels Spark Alert,” Alex Kirby, BBC News Online, 5-23-03.

21. Moret, op. cit.

22. “Medical Effects of Internal Contamination with Uranium,” Dr. Asaf Durakovich, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington D.C. March 1999. Volume 40, No. 1

23. Moret, op. cit.

24. “Contamination of Persian Gulf War Veterans and Others By Depleted Uranium,” Leonard A. Dietz, 2-21-99.

25. Durakovich, op cit; Dietz, op. cit. Moret, op. cit.

26. “Republican Senator: Bring Back the Draft,” World Net Daily, 4-20-04.

27. “Pentagon’s Uranium Denial,” New York Daily News, 4-27-04; “Pentagon: Uranium Didn’t harm N.Y. Unit,” Associated Press, 5-3-04. “Pentagon-Depleted Uranium No Health Risk,” Dr. Doug Rokke; 3-15-03. Dr. Rokke was an U.S. Army DU expert (1991-1995) and he confirms that the Pentagon is lying about DU risks.

28. Documents in which the hazards of uranium and depleted uranium exposure are discussed include: U.S. Army Training Manual STP-21-1-SMCT: Soldiers Manual of Common Tasks; “Health Effects of Depleted Uranium,” David E. McClain, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) Bethesda, Maryland; Marine Corp Memo Concerning DU (unclassified) 9-8-90; US Army Training Video, U.S. Army Depleted Uranium Project video: Depleted Uranium Hazard Awareness, 1995; “Army Not Adequately Prepared to Deal With Depleted Uranium Contamination,” General Accounting Office, January 1993; Office of the Secretary of Defense, Memorandum from Bernard Rostker to chiefs of all military branches re: Depleted Uranium Ammunition Training, 9-09-97.

29. “Soldiers Believe Depleted Uranium Cause of Illnesses,” Associate Press, 4-9-04; “Poisoned?” Juan Gonzalez, New York Daily News, 4-4-04. Other stories in this series are: “Inside Camp of Troubles” and “Army to Test N.Y. Guard Unit.”

30. “Air Force Increases Rank of Lie,” letter by Walter M. Washabaugh, Colonel, USAF, denying the existence of chemtrails, received by e-mail on May 22, 2001 and posted at http://www.carnicom.com by Clifford E Carnicom, May 22 2001.

31. Begich and Manning, op. cit. p. 51.

32. Global Warming and Ice Ages: Prospects for Physics-Based Modulation of Global Change, Edward Teller and Lowell Wood, Hoover Institution, Stanford University, prepared for invited presentation at the International Seminar On Planetary Emergencies, Erice, Italy, August 20-23, 1997; also “The Planet Needs a Sunscreen,” Wall Street Journal, 10-17-97.

33. CBS News Eye on America Report : Cooling the Planet in two parts: 1-15-01 and 1-16-01.

34. Teller and Wood, op. cit.

35. “An Airline Manager’s Statement,” Posted by C.E. Carnicom on behalf of the author, 5-22-00. Quote: “The few airline employees who were briefed on Project Cloverleaf were all made to undergo background checks, and before we were briefed on it we were made to sign non-disclosure agreements which basically state that if we tell anyone what we know we could be imprisoned….They told us that the government was going to pay our airline, along with others, to release special chemicals from commercial aircraft….When we asked them why didn’t they just rig military aircraft to spray these chemicals, they stated that there weren’t enough military aircraft available to release chemicals on such a large basis as needs to be done….Then someone asked why all the secrecy. The government reps then stated that if the general public knew that the aircraft they were flying on were releasing chemicals into the air, environmentalist groups would raise hell and demand the spraying stop.”

36. US patent 5003186; Stratospheric Welsbach Seeding for Reduction of Global Warming, Hughes Aircraft Company, issued March 26, 1991.

37. Secondary school text book: Science I Essential Interactions, published by Centre Point Learning, Inc. of Fairfield, Ohio. See “Chemtrail Sunscreen Taught in Schools,” William Thomas, http://www.willthomas.com .

38. “Dirty Air and High Blood Pressure Linked,” Reuters Health, 3-31-01; “Bad Air Worsens Heart Trouble: Study Blames Particulates for Many Sudden Deaths,” Marla Cone, Los Angeles Times, June 4, 2000.

39. “Tiny Air Pollutants In the Air May Trigger Heart Attacks,” John McKenzie, ABC News 6-21-01, u .

40. “Air Pollution ‘Increases Stroke Risk,’” BBC News, 10-10-2003.

41. Ibid.

42. “Americans Breathing More Polluted, Toxic Air Than Ever,” Natalie Pawelski, CNN Environmental Unit, http://www.cnn.com .

43. Asthma Statistics, www.getasthmahelp.org; “Asthma Deadly Serious,” Spokesman Review, 7-6-97; www.asthmainamerica.com .

44. NATO paper: “Modification of Tropospheric Propagation Conditions,” May, 1990.

45. US patent 6,315,213 (Cordani) issued November 13, 2001.

46. “Chemtrails, Bio-Active Crystalline Cationic Polymers,” Dr. Mike Castle, 7-14-03 See u .

47. Ibid.

48. “Nanoparticles Toxic in Aquatic Habitat, Study Finds,” Rick Weiss, Washington Post, 3-29-04.

49. Ibid.

50. “Greenhouse Gas Level Hits Record High,” 3-22-04, http://www.NewScientist.com .

51. Climate Engineering: A Critical Review of Proposals, Scientists for Global Responsibility, School of Environmental Sciences, UEA, Norwich NR47TJ, November 1996.

52. Lewin L. C et al. Report from Iron Mountain on the Possibility and Desirability of Peace, New York: The Dial Press, 1967.

53. Trading With the Enemy, Charles Higham, Delacorte Press, 1983; Wall Street and the Rise of Hitler, Antony Sutton, 1976; “IBM Sued by Holocaust Lawyers –100 other US Firms Targeted for Nazi Links,” Paterson and Wastel, The Telegraph, UK, 2-18-0l; “Ford and GM Scrutinized for Alleged Nazi Collaboration,” Michael Dobbs, Washington Post, 11-30-98; “How the Bush Family Made Its Fortune From the Nazis,” John Loftus, 7-2-02, http://www.rense.com . (John Loftus was a U.S. Department of Justice Nazi War Crimes prosecutor.)

54. This is a “Google project” that can fill volumes. Go to Google and type “CIA and al Queda,” then “CIA and Saddam.” Do the same with “Carlyle Group” for information on the Bush family’s shady dealings with the “enemy.”

55. Former German Defense Minister Confirms CIA Involvement in 9/11: Alex Jones Interviews Andreas von Bulow, 2-17-21, http://www.apfn.net

56. “Pentagon Tells Bush: Climate Change Will Destroy Us,” Mark Townsend and Paul Harris, The Observer, UK 2-24-04; “Climate Collapse, The Pentagon’s Weather Nightmare Could change Radically and Fast,” David Stipp, Fortune Magazine, 2-9-04.

57. The Dead Farmer’s Almanac, Who Really Controls the Weather? Jim Larranaga, Priority Publications, 2001.

58. Weather as a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather In 2025, June 17, 1996. This report was produced by directive from the chief of staff of the Air Force.

59. “Very Weird Weather in Serbia, What’s Happening?” Goran Pavlovic, 10-30-03, rense.com.

60. “The Secret Nuclear War,” Eduardo Goncalves, The Ecologist, 3-22-01.

61. “Washington’s New World Order Weapons Have the Ability to Trigger Climate Change,” Center for Research on Globalization, Professor Michael Chossudovsky, University of Ottawa, January 2001.

62. “HAARP: Vandalism in the Sky?” Nick Begich and Jeane Manning, Nexus Magazine, December 1995.

63. Ibid.; also Castle, op. cit. Dr. Castle presents information on how HAARP punches massive holes in the open-air column ozone and how the Air Force then uses toxic chemicals to “patch” the holes it has created: Dr. Castle says: “Welsbach seeding and ozone hole remediation sciences utilize chemistries that are toxic to humans and the environment.”

64. “HAARP: Vandalism in the Sky?” Begich and Manning; Researcher David Yarrow is quoted as saying that Earth’s axial spin means that HAARP bursts are like a microwave knife producing a “long tear–an incision” in the multi-layer membrane of ionospheres that shield the Earth’s surface from intense solar radiation.

65. U.S. HAARP Weapon Development Concerns Russian Duma, Interfax News Agency, 8-10-02.

66. HAARP Update, Elfrad Group, http://elfrad.org/2000/Haarp2.htm 6-27-00.

67. “14 Hertz Signal Suppresses Rainfall, Induces Violent Winds,” 10-25-00, Newshawk Inc.; “When the Army Owns the Weather–Chemtrails and HAARP,” Bob Fitrakis, 2-13-02: In this article HAARP inventor Bernard Eastlund is quoted on how HAARP can affect the weather: “Significant experiments could be performed. The HAARP antenna as it is now configured modulates the auroral electrojet to induce ELF waves and thus could have an effect on the zonal winds.” Find this article with search engine at http://www.rense.com .

68. Angels Don’t Play This HAARP, Begich and Manning, op. cit.

69. Ibid.

70. “Space Based Weather Control: The ‘Thunderstorm Solar Power Satellite,’ ” Michael Theroux. See www.borderlands.com/spacewea.htm .

71. “After 12-year Wait for Trial, Downwinders Losing Hope,” Spokesman Review, 5-18-03; also “Hanford Plaintiffs Seek Details,” Spokesman Review, 4-2-04.

72. “Hanford Put Area At Risk: Spokane, North Idaho Were Exposed to Significant Radiation,” Spokesman Review,” April 22, 1994.

73. “Sick Century,” Eduardo Goncalves, The Ecologist, 11-22-01.

74. Moret, op. cit. “The Trojan Horse of Nuclear War” contains excellent statistics on the U.S. health ramifications of Cold War nuclear weapons testing and includes references to numerous scientific papers which document this tremendous damage to the national health.

75. Undue Risk, Secret State Experiments on Humans, Jonathan D. Moreno, Freeman & Co. 1999: Moreno was a senior staff member of the President’s Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments which completed in 1995 its studies of horrific U.S. government radiation experiments conducted since World War II.

76. Information reported by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Science Institute of Medicine in a 2000 study titled: Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology.

77. “Trouble With Tankers,” William Thomas, http://www.willthomas.net .

78. Testimony by Dr. Leonard A. Cole before the U.S. Senate Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, May 6, 1994; also Clouds of Secrecy, The Army’s Germ Warfare Tests Over Populated Areas, Leonard A. Cole, Rowman & Littlefield, 1988.

79. “Secret Germ Warfare Experiments?” CBS News, 5-15-2000; “Pentagon to Reveal Biowarfare Tests,” CBS News, 9-20-2000; “US Navy Sprayed BioWarfare Chemtrails on Its Own Ships and Men,” NewsMax.com, 7-8-00; “Sailors: ‘We Were Used,’ ” Florida Today, 1-31-03.

80. Senate Banking Committee Report 103-900 (Riegle Report) issued May 25, 1994. This 551-page document contains a comprehensive list of biological and chemical warfare agents shipped to Saddam by U.S. companies under purview of the U.S. Commerce Department for use against Iran during the Iran-Iraq war in the late 80s during the regime of George Bush Sr.

81. Moreno, op.cit. “To this day few Americans know about the special top-secret program that brought German scientists to the United States after World War II, and fewer still know that their number included medical scientists. Code-named Operation Paper Clip…hundreds of ‘specialists’ …entered the United States under Joint Chiefs’ protection, avoiding regular immigration procedures and requirements…It is hard to escape the conclusion that many of the German recruits were for decades important consultants on a myriad of military-medical projects.”

82. Emerging Viruses: Aids and Ebola, Dr. Len Horowitz, Tetrahedron Inc., 1996.

83. The Brucellosis Triangle, Donald W. Scott, Chelmstreet Publishers, 1998.

84. “Bush Signs Bill for New Generation Nuclear Weapons,” rense.com, 12-2-03. The Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act of 2004 allocates millions for new nuclear weapons and bolsters readiness for new weapons testing at the Nevada nuclear test site.

85. Ibid.

86. “House Approves Pentagon Wish List–Bill Includes Military Exemptions From Environmental Laws,” Nick Anderson, Los Angeles Times, 11-8-03.

87. “DOE Count of Worker Injuries Inaccurate,” Spokesman Review, 3-28-04; also “Book Alleges Cover-up at Nuclear Site,” Spokesman Review 3-28-04; also DOE Has Record of Broken Promises, editorial, 4-11-04.

88. “Kennedy Warns on Nuclear Tests,” Julian Borger in Washington, The Guardian http://www.guardian.co.uk , 4-30-03.

89. “Rumsfeld’s Dr. Strangelove,” Fred Kaplan, MSN.com, 5-12-03.

90. “Bush Drives the Nation Towards Bankruptcy,” Peter Eavis, The American Conservative, 2-15-04.

91. The War on Waste, 1-29-02, cbsnews.com.

92. “Money for Iraq Fight Running Out,” The Australian 2-12-04 These figures are from U.S Army Chief of Staff General Peter Schoomaker.

93. “Fight of the Century,” William Thoma

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Color of chemicals

The color of chemicals is a physical property of chemicals that in most cases comes from the excitation of electrons due to an absorption of energy performed by the chemical.

The study of chemical structure by means of energy absorption and release is generally referred to as spectroscopy.

Theory

The UV-vis spectrum for a compound that appears orange in Dimethylformamide

All atoms and molecules are capable of absorbing and releasing energy in the form of photons, accompanied by a change of quantum state. The amount of energy absorbed or released is the difference between the energies of the two quantum states. There are various types of quantum state, including, for example, the rotational and vibrational states of a molecule. However the release of energy visible to the human eye, commonly referred to as visible light, spans the wavelengths approximately 380 nm to 760 nm, depending on the individual, and photons in this range usually accompany a change in atomic or molecular orbital quantum state. The perception of light is governed by three types of color receptors in the eye, which are sensitive to different ranges of wavelength within this band.

The relationship between energy and wavelength is determined by the Planck-Einstein relation

where E is the energy of the quantum (photon), f is the frequency of the light wave, h is the Planck constantλ is the wavelength and c is the speed of light.

The relationships between the energies of the various quantum states are treated by atomic orbitalmolecular orbitalLigand Field Theory and Crystal Field Theory. If photons of a particular wavelength are absorbed by matter, then when we observe light reflected from or transmitted through that matter, what we see is the complementary color, made up of the other visible wavelengths remaining. For example, beta-carotene has maximum absorption at 454 nm (blue light), consequently what visible light remains appears orange .

Colors by wavelength

What is seen by the eye is not the color absorbed, but the complementary color from the removal of the absorbed wavelengths. This spectral perspective was first noted in atomic spectroscopy.

Below is a rough table of wavelengths, colors and complementary colors. This utilizes the scientific CMY and RGB color wheels rather than the traditional RYB color wheel.[1]


This can only be used as a very rough guide, for instance if a narrow range of wavelengths within the band 647–700 nm is absorbed, then the blue and green receptors will be fully stimulated, making cyan, and the red receptor will be partially stimulated, diluting the cyan to a greyish hue.

By category

The vast majority of simple inorganic (e.g. sodium chloride) and organic compounds (e.g. ethanol) are colorless. Transition metal compounds are often colored because of transitions of electrons between d-orbitals of different energy. (see Transition metal#Colored compounds). Organic compounds tend to be colored when there is extensive conjugation, causing the energy gap between the HOMO and LUMO to decrease, bringing the absorption band from the UV to the visible region. Similarly, color is due to the energy absorbed by the compound, when an electron transitions from the HOMO to the LUMO. Lycopene is a classic example of a compound with extensive conjugation (11 conjugated double bonds), giving rise to an intense red color (lycopene is responsible for the color of tomatoes). Charge-transfer complexes tend to have very intense colors for different reasons.

Examples

However, elemental colors will vary depending on what they are complexed with, often as well as their chemical state. An example with vanadium(III); VCl3 has a distinctive reddish hue, whilst V2O3 appears black.

Salt

Predicting the color of a compound can be extremely complicated. Some examples include:

  • Cobalt chloride is pink or blue depending on the state of hydration (blue dry, pink with water) so it is used as a moisture indicator in silica gel.
  • Zinc oxide is white, but at higher temperatures becomes yellow, returning to white as it cools.
Colors of various salts
Name Formula of the corresponding salts Color Picture
Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate FeCl3·6H2O yellow/brown Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate
Iron(III) chloride anhydrate FeCl3 black Iron(III) chloride anhydrate
Chromium (III) sulfate Cr2(SO4)3 dark green Chromium(III) sulfate
Copper(II) sulfate anhydrate CuSO4 white Anhydrous copper(II) sulfate
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate CuSO4·5H2O blue Large crystals of copper sulfate
Copper(II) benzoate Cu(C7H5O2)2 blue Powdered copper benzoate
Cobalt(II) chloride CoCl2 dep blue Cobalt(II) chloride
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate CoCl2·6H2O deep magenta Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate
Manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate MnCl2·4H2O pink Manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate
Copper(II) chloride dihydrate CuCl2·2H2O blue-green copper(II) chloride dihydrate
Nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate NiCl2·6H2O green Nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate
Lead(II) iodide PbI2 yellow Lead(II) iodide
Ammonium dichromate (NH4)2Cr2O7 orange Ammonium dichromate

Ions in flame

Gases

Bead tests

A variety of colors, often similar to the colors found in a flame test, are produced in a bead test, which is a qualitative test for determining metals. A platinum loop is moistened and dipped in a fine powder of the substance in question and borax. The loop with the adhered powders is then heated in a flame until it fuses and the color of the resulting bead observed.

Colors exhibited by metals in the bead test
Metal[3] Oxidizing flame Reducing flame
Aluminium colorless (hot and cold), opaque colorless, opaque
Antimony colorless, yellow or brown (hot) gray and opaque
Barium colorless
Bismuth colorless, yellow or brownish (hot) gray and opaque
Cadmium colorless gray and opaque
Calcium colorless
Cerium red (hot) colorless (hot and cold)
Chromium dark yellow (hot), green (cold) green (hot and cold)
Cobalt blue (hot and cold) blue (hot and cold)
Copper green (hot), blue (cold) red, opaque (cold), colorless (hot)
Gold golden (hot), silver (cold) red (hot and cold)
Iron yellow or brownish red (hot and cold) green (hot and cold)
Lead colorless, yellow or brownish (hot) gray and opaque
Magnesium colorless
Manganese violet (hot and cold) colorless (hot and cold)
Molybdenum colorless yellow or brown (hot)
Nickel brown, red (cold) gray and opaque (cold)
Silicon colorless (hot and cold), opaque colorless, opaque
Silver colorless gray and opaque
Strontium colorless
Tin colorless (hot and cold), opaque colorless, opaque
Titanium colorless yellow (hot), violet (cold)
Tungsten colorless brown
Uranium yellow or brownish (hot) green
Vanadium colorless green

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The following articles are about the traditional ways of reading the signs in nature to find clues as to the coming weather.  There are a large number of these folk methods.  I have found NONE that mention GREEN SKIES only one mention of the sky having a greenish tint and that one is not even given any emphasis as being a major indicator of a Tornado or being a common phenomenon. 
spacermenon

HOW TO TELL IF A STORM IS COMING WITHOUT A FORECAST

Nature’s Built-in Weather Radar

Imagine you’re hiking deep in the woods, far from cell service, when the sky starts to shift. No weather app, no radar—just you and the wild. Long before we had fancy tech, people relied on nature’s own signals to answer the big question: Can you sense a storm coming? From sailors scanning the horizon to farmers watching their livestock, these old-school tricks worked—and they still do today. Whether you’re camping, dealing with a power outage, or just curious, knowing how to tell if a storm is coming without a forecast is a skill worth having. In this guide, we’ll break down the signs—clouds, winds, animals, even your own body—so you can stay one step ahead of the weather.

What Are the Warning Signs of a Storm?

Storms don’t sneak up without dropping hints. Nature’s got a way of tipping you off if you know where to look. Let’s start with the air around you. A sudden drop in temperature often means a cold front’s rolling in, stirring up trouble. Ever notice how the air feels thick and sticky before rain? That’s humidity spiking as moisture builds. Winds can shift too—breezes from the south might carry warm, wet air, while a northern gust could signal a chilly showdown.

Then there’s the sky. Clouds are like nature’s billboards. If you see the sky darkening fast or spot towering, anvil-shaped cumulonimbus clouds, a storm’s brewing. Shelf clouds—those low, wedge-shaped formations—often mean gusty winds are on the way, while mammatus clouds (puffy, pouch-like) can signal a storm’s already overhead or just passed. And don’t forget that old saying: “Red sky in the morning, sailors take warning.” A crimson dawn often hints at wet weather approaching from the west, according to the National Weather Service.

Animals pick up on this too. Birds might dip lower to avoid turbulent air, insects vanish as pressure drops, and restless livestock—like cows huddling together—can clue you in. These are the warning signs of a storm, and once you spot them, you’ll wonder how you ever missed them. Curious for more? Check out our weather education page for deeper dives into nature’s cues.

Can You Sense a Storm Coming? The Body’s Response to Weather Changes

Ever felt a twinge in your knee or a headache creeping in before the rain starts? You’re not imagining it—your body might be trying to tell you a storm’s on the way. Scientists say it’s all about barometric pressure, the weight of the air around us. When a storm nears, that pressure drops, and some folks feel it in their joints or sinuses. A study from the American Journal of Medicine found that lower pressure can worsen arthritis pain—nature’s not-so-subtle hint.

Others report feeling tired, dizzy, or even grumpy as the weather shifts. It’s like your body’s got its own storm radar. So, can you sense a storm coming? For some, the answer’s a clear yes. Next time you’re feeling off, peek outside—nature might be talking to you too.

What Usually Happens Before a Storm?

Storms don’t just show up—they build up, and the clues pile on if you’re paying attention. Wind’s a big player here. You might notice an eerie calm before the storm, when the air goes still as pressure equalizes. Then, bam—gusty winds kick in as the storm front pushes through. South winds often haul in moisture, setting the stage for rain, while a north wind might drag colder air into the mix, sparking thunder.

Lightning’s another telltale sign. If you see flashes without thunder, the storm’s still miles off—sound travels slower than light, after all. For a closer look at how storms form, our page on weather cyclogenesis and storm formation breaks it down. Want to track one live? The National Weather Service’s Storm Radar is a free tool to see what’s brewing near you.

How Do You Know If a Storm Is Forming? Understanding Cloud and Air Movement

Wondering how to tell if a storm is coming or going? Start with the clouds—they’re your first clue. Wispy cirrus clouds high up might mean fair weather now, but if they thicken into towering cumulonimbus, trouble’s on the horizon. Those anvil-shaped thunderheads are a dead giveaway—storms are forming fast. You might even catch a whiff of ozone, that sharp, clean scent from lightning splitting the air.

Temperature’s another hint. A quick drop often pairs with a pressure shift, signaling the storm’s engine is revving up. Watch the skies and feel the air—nature’s telling you everything you need to know. For real-time radar backup, try Weather and Radar—a handy site for storm spotters.

What Happens Before the Storm? A Step-by-Step Breakdown

Let’s zoom in closer—here’s what you’ll notice as a storm closes in. About 30 minutes out, the air feels heavy and humid, winds get patchy, and the sky turns a moody gray. At 15 minutes, you might hear distant thunder rumbling as pressure keeps dropping—animals like squirrels might scamper for cover too.

Five minutes before? That’s when it gets real. Sudden gusts whip up, light rain or sprinkles tease the ground, and you might feel static prickling your skin from nearby lightning. Want a visual? Check out this YouTube clip from meteorologist Reed Timmer—it’s a perfect breakdown of storm signs in action:

Timmer’s chasing a storm here, but the cloud shifts and wind cues he points out match what you’ll see at home. Pair this with a weather alert radio to stay safe when the storm hits.

How Do You Feel When There Is a Storm Coming?

Have you ever felt jittery or off-balance right before the sky opens up? It’s not just in your head—your body can pick up on a storm’s approach in weird ways. Some folks swear their joints ache more when a storm’s near, thanks to that drop in barometric pressure we mentioned earlier. Sinus headaches or migraines can flare up too—studies from Harvard Health suggest about 1 in 3 people are weather-sensitive. Others feel a static buzz in the air, like their hair’s standing on end from nearby lightning.

Emotionally, it’s a mixed bag. Anxiety might creep in as the sky darkens, or you could feel oddly restless. Is it myth or science? A bit of both—while some claim they’re human barometers, research says it’s more about subtle cues we all pick up. Either way, how do you feel when there is a storm coming? Your body might know before your phone does.

How to Know If a Snowstorm Is Coming: Cold Weather Warning Signs

Winter storms play by their own rules, and knowing how to tell if a snowstorm is coming can save you from getting caught off-guard. Start with the air—a sharp temperature plunge often signals snow’s on the way, especially if it’s paired with a heavy, damp chill. Look up: a halo around the moon or sun, caused by ice crystals in high cirrus clouds, is a classic hint of brewing snow, per the National Weather Service. Heavy frost the night before can mean moisture’s ready to freeze into flakes.

Animals tip you off too. Squirrels stockpiling nuts or birds huddling quietly? They’re bracing for a blizzard. Wind’s a clue as well—steady gusts from the north or east often drag cold, snowy air in tow. Living in Alabama? Our Alabama weather stations and alerts page can help you spot local snow risks, rare as they might be. For live updates anywhere, Wunderground’s Live Storm Radar is a solid free tool.

Practical Tips: What to Do If You Detect a Storm Coming

So, you’ve spotted the signs—dark clouds, antsy cows, a headache brewing. Now what? Safety comes first. For thunderstorms, stay indoors away from windows; if you’re outside, avoid open fields or tall trees—lightning loves a target. Tornado vibes (greenish sky, roaring wind)? Head to a basement or sturdy interior room. Snowstorm looming? Stock up on blankets, food, and a shovel before it hits.

Build an emergency kit: flashlight, batteries, water, snacks, and a weather alert radio to stay in the loop. Protect your electronics too—unplug gadgets to dodge lightning surges. Caught outdoors? Find shelter fast, but skip metal structures. Our weather education hub has more prep tips to keep you storm-ready.

Need a quick reference? Here’s a storm prep table:

Storm Type Key Sign Action
Thunderstorm Dark cumulonimbus Stay indoors, unplug devices
Tornado Shelf clouds, wind roar Seek basement or low shelter
Snowstorm Halo around moon Stock supplies, stay warm

Illustrated storm cloud guide featuring Cumulonimbus (“Thunderstorm Ahead”), Shelf Cloud (“Gusty Winds Coming”), and Mammatus (“Storm Nearby”) for storm prediction.Trusting Nature’s Signals

Storms don’t need a forecast to announce themselves—nature’s got its own playbook. From shifting winds and moody clouds to creaky joints and skittish birds, the signs are there if you look. Practice spotting them next time you’re outside—maybe on a hike or just in your backyard. Pair these tricks with tools like our storm formation guide or a quick radar check, and you’ll be weather-wise in no time. Stay curious, stay safe, and keep exploring the skies—nature’s always got something to say!

13 Old-Fashioned Ways to Predict the Weather

This article of time-tested tips to predict the weather was brought to by RedLedge, the makers of hiking rain pants with a durable design that can handle even the most brutal of rainstorms and unpredictable weather.


We often turn to weather apps to decide how to aptly dress or to plan for heavy rain or snow. But while in the backcountry, you may not have service to conveniently get the weather in just a few taps. By observing your surroundings, and tuning into nature’s clues, as well as remembering a few old sayings, you can predict the weather without relying on your phone. We’ve collected 13 old-fashioned ways to predict the weather, including sayings and clues in nature with ancient etymologies from the wisdom of farmers, shepherds and sailors. And if you’re looking for a modern way to predict the weather, be sure to check out Midland‘s NOAA Weather Radios.

13 Old-Fashioned Ways to Predict the Weather

Of course, these sayings and nature-themed rules-of-thumb aren’t 100% reliable, and using scientific tools and listening to forecasts from trusty sources are your best bet for safety and preparation, but they are a great way to impress your friends and are fun ways to predict the weather on your next camping trip.

Remember These Old Sayings To Predict The Weather

1. “Closed in the Morning, It’ll Be Pouring”

Some flowers, such as dandelions and tulips, close their petals in the evening. If they don’t open them back up by morning, rain could be on its way. The phenomena of flora closing their petals at night, called nyctinasty, is not fully understood by scientists, but one theory is that they close their petals to protect pollen from becoming wet and heavy with dew. So if there’s moisture in the air come morning, and a dandelion or tulip’s petals are closed, wearing a raincoat would be wise.

2. “Red Sky in the Morning, Sailors Take Warning. Red Sky at Night, Sailors Delight.”

Some sunrises and sunsets are more colorful than others, which make for stunning photos, but can also tell you if the weather will be good or bad. When the sky is particularly red during sunrise or sunset, the sun is shining from a low angle and moving through a thick atmosphere of water vapour, water droplets and dust, which refract the light. A red sky in the morning means that there is water vapor present in the air, and the sun is scattering light from storms moving west to east, and the storm is likely headed your way. A red sky in the evening shows that weather has improved from the west, because the clouds have moved eastward

3. “Clear Moon, Frost Soon”

If the winter sky is clear and cloudless, and you can see the bright shining moon, the next morning is likely to be chilly, and there may even be a frost. Cloud cover helps insulate the air and keep the heat in, so without it, temperatures can nosedive. Because there’s a quick drop, frost usually follows.

5. “Open Pine, Weather’s Fine”

Pinecones are another one of nature’s clues to predict the weather. Pine cones are nature’s hygrometers, exhibiting the surrounding air’s humidity levels. Pinecones open their scales when it’s dry in order for wind to carry them and scatter their seeds. When there is moisture in the air however, they seal their seeds until it’s dry outside again. Because they travel by wind, they have to wait until their seeds are dry and light enough for distant travel. If the pinecones are closed, bring your rain gear.
(This has always blown my mind.  Pinecones are removed from their source of food being the tree they grew on.  One would assume that they are dead.  Obviously, they are not and they respond to moisture, and to light as well.  I have seen them shut down in the evening and open with the warming sun.  God is amazing!  All things have life…even rocks!)

6. “When Chimney Smoke Descends, The Nice Weather Ends”

If the smoke from your chimney or campfire cascades to the ground, there is moisture in the air, and wet weather is coming. Moisture in the air preceding a storm latches onto smoke particles, weighing them down and causing the smoke to quickly fall to the ground.

7. “Rains Before Seven, Fine By Eleven”

This saying is based on the idea that if it’s raining at 7am, it has probably been raining all night and the storm is likely on its way out, typically, as noted, around 11am. The hours between 7am and 11 a.m. are also when the sun heats up the Earth’s atmosphere, which can help dissipate remaining rain clouds.


Look for Clues in Nature

8. A Ring Around The Moon

If you’re sitting around a campfire and you see a ring of light surrounding the moon, snow or rain is likely on it’s way. This ring encircling the moon, known as a Lunar Corona, is created when the moon’s light refracts and reflects through a series of water droplets and ice crystals in the night sky, creating a halo. It can even have a prism effect, mimicking the colors of the rainbow. The halo is a sign of moisture in the air and is likely a precursor of an impending storm, especially during the winter. You can listen to Ring Around the Moon by Elephant Revival to really get into the lunar spirit.

9. Cloud Size & Shape

Clouds are a telltale way to predict weather, both temperate and tumultuous. Mammatus clouds, which have a puffy, cellular pattern of pouches, often turn into thunderstorms. Cirrus clouds, which are wispy and stringy, typically mean storms or rain could follow. Altocumulus look like fish scales, and as the sailor saying goes: “Mares tails and mackerel scales, tall ships carry short sails”, meaning rain is probably on its way within a day. The higher clouds are in the sky, the fairer the weather.
weather should improve.

10. Cats

Allegedly, if cats wash behind their ears, sneeze, or snore it’s sure to rain. They just know. That’s all.

11. Crickets

If you’re wondering what the temperature is while lounging around the campfire, just listen to the crickets! By counting the number of times a cricket chirps, you can calculate the temperature outside in Fahrenheit. Count the number of times a cricket chirps over a 14 second period, then add 40 to that number, and boom, you’ve got the temperature. You can take a few measurements and use the average to get the most accurate temperature.

12. Other Insects

Spiders and ladybugs are two critters that can help you predict the weather as well. If you’re finding webs inside your house, it’s because spiders don’t fair well in cold weather and will likely head inside as temperatures start to dip. Ladybugs change their behavior in the presence of chillier days as well. While hiking, if you see ladybugs clustering under bark or leaves, they do this to protect themselves from oncoming cold weather.

13. Lightning and Thunder

Lightning is a major issue for campers, and protecting yourself while in the backcountry starts with being aware of lighting safety tips. According to the U.S. National Weather Service, you can predict the distance of lightning by counting the number of seconds between seeing lightning and hearing thunder. Count the number of seconds between the two, and divide this number by five. This will tell you, in miles, how far you are from where a lightning bolt struck. For example, if you hear thunder five seconds after you saw lightning, the lightning would be a mile away.


This article about how to predict the weather was brought to by RedLedge.

RedLedge makes adult and youth rain gear for family adventures in rainy places.

I’ve often wondered how people way back when knew what the weather was going to be without the local news to rely on. How did they know what season it was without a calendar? How did they know if it was going to be a bad winter? How did they know when to plant their crops? These questions fascinate me. If we ever have to live without power, it would be very useful to know these things .

Before the times of radio, television, and internet, people had to rely on watching the sky and nature to predict what the weather would be. Sometimes they went by superstitions or folklore, and sometimes their observations were quite accurate. I thought it would be fun to list some old sayings about the weather; you can decide what seems like it could really be true, and what is just silly.

Watching the Farm Animals

When the animals all started to get restless and noisy, people knew that a really bad storm was coming.

Horses are nervous, and young farm animals frolic and play more than usual before a storm.

It was said that pigs could “see the wind”. They used to say, “When pigs squeal in winter, there will be a blizzard. When pigs carry sticks it will rain, and when they lie in the mud, there will be a dry spell.”

If a pig digs a hole in the ground it’s going to get very hot.

Dogs and horses will sniff the air before a rain comes.

When hens cluck loud and cluster in groups, it’s going to rain.

When roosters crow later in the day, it’s going to rain.

When ducks quack a lot it’s going to rain.

If the chickens stay out in the rain, it won’t last long.

When humid air causes hogs to snort it’s going to rain.

An unusual amount of fat on the meat of a butchered beef meant a severe winter.

When lots of flies annoy the cows it’s going to rain.

“Rain cows” call for rain. Cows bellow more before a shower.

The more a cow swings her tail, the more severe the oncoming storm will be.

When the cat stayed by the fire or licked its feet, you could expect rain.

When dogs began to dig holes, howled when somebody went outside, ate grass or refused meat, you could expect rain.

House mice squeaked and scratched in the walls when bad weather was coming.

Watching Nature

Geese honk before it storms.

Woodpeckers peck even harder before a bad rain.

When frogs hide under lily pads, it’s going to rain. They croak loudly before a rain, and are quiet when it’s going to be dry.

When the cricket’s chirp is high and clear, it’s going to rain.

When baby fawns stay close to the mother deer, it’s going to rain.

When hornets build their nests close to the ground, it’s going to be a bad winter.

When spiders spin their webs on the southside of the barn, it’s going to be a bad winter.

If an owl is heard in October the weather will soon be getting very cold.

When Robins sing more (“rain hollering”) and stay close to their nests a storm is coming. They would also seek shelter in sheds or barns before bad weather arrived.

Deer leave higher ground and come down to lower grounds before a storm.

Rabbits seek shelter before a storm, so more were caught in traps when bad weather was coming.

Squirrels become more active and feisty before a storm.

If squirrels begin collecting nuts before Fall, if their nests are low in the trees, or if their tails are extra bushy, it’s going to be a bad winter.

Female opossums and raccoons carry their young to higher ground before flooding rain.

To know the temperature outside, count the chirps of a cricket for 25 seconds, then add 37 to that number. This will give you the correct temperature in Fahrenheit.

If you see ants traveling in lines you can expect bad weather. If they are scattered around, the weather will be nice.

Ants build higher mounds before a hard rain, to prevent rainwater from coming in. Some ants also close their holes.

Butterflies hide under leaves to protect their wings from rain.

Bees busy late in the summer means a hard winter.

If squirrels hide their nuts at the base of a tree or inside a fallen log, there will be little or no snow during the winter. If they store their nuts inside a hallow tree, there will be a hard winter.

When a lot of fireflies are out at night, you can expect three days of nice weather.

When fish in the pond rise to the surface, it’s going to rain. They know the insects will be flying lower when the air is humid. For this reason, fishermen know that it’s harder to catch a fish before a storm, because they are already full and won’t take the bait.

When foxes eat grass, it’s going to rain.

When the Blackbird’s call is sharp and shrill, it’s going to rain.

When swallows perch on a weather vane, you can be sure it’s going to rain.

If spiders spin their webs in the morning, the weather will be nice. If they destroy the webs, a storm is coming soon. The theory behind this is that in humid weather insects fly lower. Because of this, more insects are caught. They collect their prey and take down their web early before the rain washes it all away.

When coyotes stay close to their camps, a blizzard is coming.

Buzzards seem to disappear before a hailstorm.

Bees stay in their hives when the temperature is below 60 and above 102 degrees.

Ants come out of their nest when the temperature is 54 degrees or higher.

Cicadas only sing when the temperature outside is above 83 degrees.

Katydids shorten their calls when temps get low. They stop making any noise at 55 degrees.

Locusts only sing when its hot and dry.

All insects stop making noise when the temperature is 106 degrees or higher.

If a tree frog stays in the water and croaks, the weather will be stormy. If the frog climbs out of the water, the weather will be nice.

Leeches can also be used to predict the weather when placed in a jar with water. If the leech remains curled at the bottom, it predicts good weather. If the leech crawls to the top of the jar, rain is coming. If the leech swims rapidly, you can expect windy weather.

Silver maples and cottonwoods turn silver before rain.

Long, thick catalpa beans hanging on their tree means a wet summer.

When earthworms come up from the ground you can expect wet weather.

When trees have heavier bark on the north side of the trunk, there will be a lot of drifting snow during the winter.

There will be a cold winter when the autumn sumac leaves are redder than usual.

If the summer grass is deep green the winter will be very cold.

It’s going to be a long, hard winter when grapes mature too early, blackberries have lots of blooms, sweet potatoes have tough skins, corn has thick silks or extra-heavy husks, root vegetables grow deeper than usual, and watermelons have too many seeds.

When leaves turn upside down, it’s going to rain after 24 hours.

Daisies, Morning glories, tulips and dandelions all close up before rain.

The leaves of Chickweeds close before weather changes.

You can tell what the winter weather will be by cutting open a persimmons seed. If the shape inside the seed resembles a fork, it will be a light winter. If there is a knife, it will be cutting cold. And if there is a spoon, there will be heavy snowfall; the spoon indicates lots of shoveling.

Watch the woolly bear caterpillar (the larva of the tiger moth). The thicker his coat, the colder the winter will be. If there is a wide brown band between two black bands, the winter won’t be so bad. If it doesn’t have a brown band, the winter will be severe.

Using Our Senses

When faraway sounds seem clearer, it’s going to rain for a long time.

Our sense of smell is keener before rain.

When smoke comes down it’s going to rain.

When chairs and tables start to creak it’s going to rain.

When teeth, bones, joints, muscles, sinuses and even bunions ache it’s a sign of bad weather.

Changes in blood pressure and pulse are also effected by the weather.

Weather vanes on top of windmills or roofs also gave signs of the weather changing. When the wind shifted the weather was going to change. If the weather vane was blown clockwise better weather was coming. If the wind blew counterclockwise bad weather was on its way.

Watching the Sky

A pink glow in the sunrise warns of bad weather; lots of wind and rain. A pink glow at sunset promises good weather.

“Red sky at morning,

Sailors take warning.

Red sky at night,

Sailors delight.”

A tilted crescent moon with a faint circle (or halo) around it predicts rain. (Like it’s tipping over and spilling out.)

“A moon with a circle brings water in its beak.”

When there is a circle around the moon, count the stars within the circle. It will be that many days until the storm.

A crescent moon lying on its back was a sign of dry weather. (Kinda like a bowl holding the water in.)

A gray, cloudy sunset indicates rain.

Evening sky gold, sunshine will hold.

Evening sky gray, rain on the way.”

If the sun looks faint and white before sunset, it warns of coming storms.

A whitish yellow sunset sky means rain during the night or early the next day.

Brightly colored sunsets with hard outlines around the clouds foretell rain and most likely wind.

Clear air and very bright stars mean rain is coming.

A gray sky in the morning with breaking clouds means fine weather.

Heavy dew in hot weather means good weather. No dew means rain will come.

“When morning comes and grass is wet

Another day of sunshine yet,

But let the morning grass be dry,

A rainy day in the by and by.”

If the clouds move in a different direction than the air on the ground, the wind is changing and so will the weather.

Soft, fluffy clouds mean good weather.

Oily looking clouds mean wind.

Small, inky clouds foretell rain.

A pale moon with bright stars in Autumn means frost.

A red moon means rain is coming.

A morning rainbow means rain. An evening rainbow means nice weather.

A sign of a quickly passing summer shower, when clouds appear like rocks and towers.

So, what do I believe? I really do think that quite a few of these old sayings make a lot of sense. And the Bible does say in Genesis 1:14, “And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years”. If the Lord meant the sun and moon to be signs to us, then I think it’s only wise to pay attention to them!

And then, some of these old sayings are obviously pure folklore. But it’s fun to see what people believed back in the old days! I think it would be interesting to watch some of these signs to see if they are accurate. I did see a squirrel hiding some nuts in the mulch under one of my baby fruit trees a few weeks ago. According to the old sayings that means we won’t have very much snow, if any, this winter. We’ll see!

Do you know of any signs that I missed? Are there any sayings that you remember your grandparents telling you about predicting the weather? Have you found any to be true? I’d love to hear what you think!

*most of these sayings are from the book: Good Old Days Country Wisdom.

“Atmospheric Rivers”: Rising Interest in Science and the Media

April 25, 2015

The term “atmospheric river” was first coined in 1994 to describe atmospheric water vapor transport across the mid-latitudes. Subsequent research has shown them to be responsible for the majority of extreme hydrologic events in the western United States, Europe, and South America, as well as being critical to water resources in these regions.

A recent analysis conducted by Ann Coppin and Duane Waliser of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Marty Ralph of Scripps Institution Of Oceanography’s CW3E has highlighted the growing number of journal publications using the term “atmospheric rivers”, illustrating a growing use for this terminology (see figure below).

 

The number of publications using the term “atmospheric river” from 1994-2013

The number of references across different media outlets has also risen underscoring the increasing public interest in this phenomenon (see figure below).

 

The number of times the term “atmospheric river” has been used across various media outlets from 2005-2015

Weather Modification: Chemical and Electric Weather Control Exposed. Ground based cloud seeding generators, plane based cloud seeding flares, and cloud ionization antenna towers.

Weather modification is a worldwide industry with airplane and ground-based cloud-seeding generators burning chemicals to add more seeds to clouds with the hope that these aerosols will create rain, snow, or even make hail smaller. Billions of dollars are spent each year on this completely unpredictable practice. In the sections below you can learn the terminology, see government reports of actual weather modification experiments, check out weather modification conferences, read a list of weather modification patents, and see a corporate roster of companies involved in controlling your weather.

Presentations

Technology

Cloud Seeding
Does Cloud Seeding Work?
Cloud Ionization
Steering Atmospheric Rivers
Weather Warfare

Weather Modification Technologies

Terminology

Official Government Weather Modification Reports

U.S. Government Weather Modification Project Reports
Texas Weather Modification Project Reports
UN WMO Reported Weather Modification Activities [4]
American Meteorological Society (AMS) Weather Modification Conferences

 References

1. WIPP protects infrastructure with metal palm trees
https://www.krqe.com/news/new-mexico/wipp-protects-infrastructure-with-metal-palm-trees/1165382948

2. NOAA Central Library • Weather Modification Project Reports
https://library.noaa.gov/weather-climate/weather-modification-project-reports

3. NOAA Corporate Services • Individuals Engaged in Weather Modification Activities, COMMERCE/NOAA-8 (ARCHIVE)
http://web.archive.org/web/20130215015724/http://www.corporateservices.noaa.gov/audit/privacy_act/systems-of-records/noaa-8.html

4. World Meteorological Organization Expert Team on Weather Modification
https://community.wmo.int/en/wwrp-wx-mod

5. World Meteorological Organization Expert Team on Weather Modification (ARCHIVE)
https://web.archive.org/web/20190703172330/http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/wwrp/new/weathermod_new.html

 Broken Links

If any of the links above do not work, copy the URL and paste it into the form below to check the Wayback Machine for an archived version of that webpage.

Jim Lee, ClimateViewer News
Jim Lee

Creator of Weather Modification History

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